My sincere thanks to all the authors whose literature we have used as a reference of our work. We are very thankful to our classmates, our family, our friends and our classmates who are supported throughout the subject. ABSTRACT Violation of rules (traffic rules) is the major problem in our country but as you look in other countries (like Europe, some exceptional countries in Asia like the china and the japan) you will also find out that they have no problem like this one. Our main ambition behind this project namely ITS (which is stand for Intelligent Transport System) is to improve the existing transport system by introducing “smart speed bump” and “e-toll payment system”. Though stop line has provided on each and every portion of cross road/intersection before the zebra crossing, but most of people easily just cross this stop line, so this one isn’t making any sense, until someone isn’t start to stop before the stop line. Therefore, to stop these loops of our public we introduced a smart speed bump which comprises a Radar unit to detect the arrival vehicle’s speed and a control unit to connect the radar to the smart speed bump which has risen if the user does not follow the predetermined speed when he/she will enter the range of radar.
Next one is e-payment, So why we need this system? The intention behind this solution is traditional toll system makes a user to stand in a row with his vehicle which produced a congested area as well time consuming and sometimes for host, too. It makes easy toll payment via user’s request to apparatus in which the microprocessor (which is to interpret the user’s identity and message) and to perform different tasks. Also, this system provide other things like which road has less traffic, your journey time, suggested maps, weather conditions, and your toll and your toll payment bill, etc. in order to give comfort, flexibility and safety to users. LIST OF TABLES -1862457747000 Table No. Table Description Page No.
1.1Importance of road traffic9 1.2Major road count 1 10 1.3Major road count 211 1.4Minor road count 111 1.5Minor road count 211 LIST OF FIGURES -1862457747000 Figure No. Figure Description Page No. Environment12 Interactions13 Objects14 Activities15 Users16 Stakeholders17 Happy ; Sad Story18 Users19 Activities20 People21 Activities22 Situations/Context/Location23 Pros/Possible Solutions24 Purpose 25 People26 Product Experience/Product Features27 Components27 Table of Content -1862457747000 Acknowledgement i Abstract ii List of Table iii List of Figures v Table of Content vii Chapter:1 Introduction 1.1 Importance of road traffic 1.2 Vehicle characteristic 1.3 Methods for traffic count 1.4 Types of counts 1.5 Traffic Survey 09 09 09 10 10 Chapter:2 AEIOU Summary 2.1Environment12 2.2 Interactions13 2.3 Objects14 2.4 Activities15 2.5 Users16 Chapter:3 Empathy Mapping Canvas 3.1 Stakeholders17 3.2 Happy ; Sad Story18 3.3 Users19 3.4 Activities19 Chapter:4 Ideation Canvas 4.1 People21 4.2 Activities22 4.3 Situations/Context/Location23 4.4 Pros/Possible Solutions23 Chapter:5 Product Development Canvas 5.1 Purpose25 5.2 People26 5.3 Product Experience/Product Features26 5.4 Components27 5.5 Conclusion28 Chapter 1: Introduction Importance of Traffic Engineering: Road traffic has been growing a very rapid rate in India during the past three decades. The number of motor vehicles has been growing at a rate around 10 per cent per annum. The growth rate of various vehicle classes has been as under, Cars 7-10 per cent Buses 5-10 per cent Trucks 6-15 per cent Two – wheelers 15-17 per cent Table 1.1 As a result of the steep growth of motor vehicles population, the traffic on the roads has been increasing, both in terms of volume and intensity.
The investment on roads have not kept pace with the growth of traffic, with the result there is severe congestion on the roads. Speeds are low and vehicle operating costs are high. Accident rate is usually high. Therefore, traffic engineering measures provide a valuable tool to understand the problems and evolve suitable measures to overcome the deficiencies. Vehicle Characteristics: The other vehicle characteristics that are of concern to the traffic engineer are: Dimensions ; weight Turning capability Braking system Acceleration ; deacceleration Vehicle lightning system Features of the vehicle body Tyres, etc. Methods available for traffic counts: The methods available for traffic counts are listed below: Manual methods Mechanical methods Combination of manual and mechanical methods Automatic devices Moving observer method Photographic method 1.4 Types of counts: Here we taken short term counts as per suggestion by our mentor.
The purpose or use you can say that like: To determine the flow or traffic in the peak hour. Used in measuring the saturation flow at signalised intersections. Used in intersections during the morning and evening peak hours, Traffic survey: We done the traffic survey of the Shivranjani intersection with aim of to know the basic traffic flow at different directions and here there results which are shown in tabular form. (Converted in PCU/hr). Types of vehicles August 28 August 29 August 30 Two-wheelers 486.25 485.125 484.875 Three-wheelers 226 251 241 Cars 375.75 405.25 379.25 Buses 98.25 105 96 Table 1,2 Jodhpur cross road to Nehrunagar circle Types of vehicles August 28 August 29 August 30 Two-wheelers 618.75 625 620.625 Three-wheelers 254.25 260.75 264.25 Cars 467.75 461 472.75 Buses 99 99.75 114.75 Table 1.3 Nehrunagar circle to Jodhpur cross road Types of vehicles August 28 August 29 August 30 Two-wheelers 309.25 314.75 308.75 Three-wheelers 196.25 197.75 204 Cars 283.75 304.25 284.5 Buses 18 19.5 20.25 Table 1.4 Shyamal cross road to IIM cross road Types of vehicles August 28 August 29 August 30 Two-wheelers 306.5 311.75 308.5 Three-wheelers 178 185.25 182.4 Cars 291.25 309.25 305 Buses 66.75 82.5 106.5 Table 1.5 IIM cross road to Shyamal cross road Chapter 2: AEIOU Summary 2.1Environment: Environment means what are the things happening surrounding the intersection and in which types of weather we study the intersection, the user found out the foggy, sunny, hot, misty, clear at morning.
2.2 Interaction: It’s one type of communication which is taken between any designer & engineer to know about the design of signal timing. 2.3 Object: Here object means which type of things or your aim providing this system which is kept in mind while performing a process or any other activities regarding the intersection like to reduce accidents, to reduce fuel waste & efficient vehicle movements and to reduce congestion on the road. Mobility and easily accessibility. 2.4 Activities: There are some activities noticed while standing at an intersection road like people driving the cars, traffic solving, road crossing,passengers waiting for bus, traffic controlling by police, signal operating by operator, collision of few cars at intersection, functional and structural alluviation. 2.5 Users: It includes the people walking at near edge of the road, students, driver, working near the road side, traffic police controlling the traffic flow.
Chapter 3: Empathy Mapping Canvas 3.1 Deciding Stakeholders: 1. Driver: Drivers are driving their cars on road safely to reach the destination safely. 2. Students: Students walk on the road or drive a cycle/motor vehicle to reach the Educational institutions safely. 3. People: People working side by the road for their routine life and workers sweep the road for clean and safety of people.
4. Traffic police: Traffic police control the traffic flow by guiding through signals at Intersection. 3.2 Happy & Sad Story: Happy stories are indicating the advantages of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) like during heavy traffic the people do not follow the traffic Rules and accident is happened at intersection, thus we gave this project to slow down Moving vehicle with high speed and to improve the mobility and easily accessibility. While in other hand the sad stories are disadvantages of this ITS like the moving vehicle with high speed can cause damage to the smart speed bump and causes greater inconvenience to the drivers. Maintenance cost increases with damage.
3.3 Deciding users: In this part, people who are directly or indirectly involved are considered. 3.4 Activities: Here, we were to identify the activities that users were to be involved into. They are mentioned in following image: Traffic Solving Waiting Signal Operating Driving Road crossing Accident Traffic Survey Chapter 4: Ideation Canvas 4.1 People: Here people are the main users and stakeholders of this study process, people Contributes in the process of the developing the town or any city. Government, citizen & authorized company and workers are the people concern with this transport system. Trespassers Student Driver Surveyor Pedestrian Traffic Police Engineer 4.2 Activities: Here we identify the activities that the people are performing at the vicinity of road intersection like driving, road crossing by pedestrian, waiting time for public transport buses, signal operating, accidents traffic solving and traffic survey.
4.3 Situations/Context/Location: With number of people identified doing many activities, we attempted to identify different location that are involved in performing such of the activities & we came up the following: 4.4 Pros/Possible/Solution: This section of ideation canvas help in carving out different requirement in line with attempting/looking forward to have an idea about addressing a problem. Pros/Advantages: Low fuel consumption for ideal vehicles Gives economical average Effective and safe driving Safety for pedestrians Low accidents Ratio Traffic Rules and Regulations Chapter 5: Product Development Canvas 5.1 Purpose: Here we try to describe what is the purpose of our project, what are the causes of this ITS, why we developing this system in a town or city? Our main intention is safe and effective driving at intersection. 5.2 People: People either user’s or stakeholders; they use facility for fulfilling them requirement and their basic needs. 5.3 Product Experience/Product Features/Product Functions: In product experience, the feelings of the peoples and all users are a concern with the product experience.
Product features like regulation of traffic will be followed, detect the speed of arriving vehicle, force down to fast moving vehicles. 5.4 Components: Components are the instrument or devices used in making of the project. Here we will use the following list of instruments in the following figure. 5.5 Conclusion: So, the summary of our project is to make a smart speed bump which resist the high speed of moving vehicles at intersection and to follow the rules and regulations and safety of pedestrians.
To reduce the congestion on the roads and making the transportation easily accessibility with high mobility.
