Enzymes are a biological reaction that remains unchanged, most enzymes are chemical of hydrogen peroxide which changes that release energy and build new materials for cells and tissues. Each enzyme has its own specific shape, but without enzymes, the digestive system will take weeks and weeks to digest food. When the enzyme changes shape it is because the different temperatures, when the temperature is low the enzyme reactions go slowly and when the temperatures are high they go fast, and it no longer matches shape of the molecule.
Enzymes work like locks, but in a chemical reaction process which is necessary to maintain life, the human body contains many enzymes and many substrates. Each enzyme has its own receptor sites which then allows substrates to enter to create a chemical reaction. The enzyme sites work like a keyhole in a lock. like the lock of a door, only certain keys will fit the lock each of the enzyme will only respond to one or two substrates which are like shaped keys that will fit in the lock. This modified lock and key model which is known as the induced fit theory, also explains why some substrates are known as inhibitors what fit in enzyme locks which don’t create a chemical reaction.
Each enzyme has a different pH optimum which is the ideal pH for enzymes to preform its job successfully, anything above or below the level, the enzyme activity begins to slow down until they shutdown altogether (which is referred to denaturing the enzyme) but different types of enzymes work best in different pH environments. A change in pH interferes with the shape of the enzymes (where it bonds and reacts with the substrates) which therefore dose not fit the shape of the substrate as well as the enzyme is unable to work on the substrate. Temperature- affects the function of enzymes because our body is 37 degrees and the conditions in our stomach are acidic, for the enzyme to work correctly then the working conditions must be at least 37 degrees and need to be acidic otherwise the enzyme will not work properly. If the temperature is too cold the enzyme will still work but very slowly, if too hot the enzyme will have denatured. As temperature increases the kinetic energy of the molecules increase so that they can move around more. Enzyme inhibitors- these are molecules what bind to enzymes what reduces the activity there are many drugs what are used for enzyme inhibitors.