Estonia came to be when the ice from the last glacial era melted away, and exposed the lands there turned green and fertile, wildlife returned in to large numbers, and early men arrived to hunt for food in a land now known as Estonia. Anywhere, here is where we find and locate Estonia, Estonia is one of the, country in the north Eastern Europe, it is located on the eastern end of the Baltic Sea. Estonia is the northern most and smallest of the Baltic States. Estonia is one of the Islands abound in the country’s coastal waters.
The capital of Estonia is Tallinn, is an important Baltic seaport and the country’s largest city. Baltic, (Sea in northern Europe). The country is rich in natural resources due to its scenic landscapes of mountains and rolling green pastures. The Ukrainian economy largely depends on heavy industry and agriculture. Beside its basic mining industries the balletic basin has ferrous-metal industries that produce iron and steel in large quantities.
(Encyclopedia 2010) On the above information stated, this paper will emphasize more on the climate/weather, vegetation’s, landforms and the minerals resources in Estonia. It will elaborate more on the seasons /weather pattern experienced and faced, the type of vegetation found, type of landforms and the kind of mineral resources found and extracted there. Types of climate Estonia lies in the northern part of the temperate climate zone and in the transition zone between maritime and continental climate, in the research, Estonia climate is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean, the north – Atlantic stream and the Icelandic minimum. In fact we normally learn different countries experiencing different seasons depending on the location in which they locate. For example: A country located in the northern or southern hemisphere , close to the equator or far away from the equator, they will experience different climate /seasons because the location in which they locate will influence the type of climate they will face and experienced.
Estonia generally has cool summers and cold winter. The factor that cause such climate, The Baltic Sea tempers the climate, in which it makes the winters relatively mild for the country’s northern location. The other factor is the marine, this influence is strongest in the western part of the country, and the temperatures can be more extreme in the interior. Temperatures rarely exceed 21°C in summer and often stay below freezing from mid-December to late February.
The Annual precipitation in Estonia is moderate, ranging from 500 to 700 millimeters, and July and August are the wettest months because this two month experiences more precipitation trough out the year. The average annual temperature in Estonia is 5.2 degree Celsius. (Taagepera, Rein climate. “Estonia & (https://en.climate-date.org>…> Estonia) Types of Vegetation In every country we see that the climate and its location influence the type of vegetation’s that will actually found there. Depend on the location and the climate found in different places, makes different vegetation’s to grow there. Verities of vegetation are found in Estonia and this made up the types of vegetation’s in Estonia.
Here are some of the vegetation’s found in Estonia. Estonia is very unique, surrendered by the nature itself with verities of vegetation’s. Nearly half the country’s land of Estonia a forested. Pine, birch, spruce, alder, and aspen are the most common trees in Estonian woods. About three-fourths of all plant species in the country are found in the western coastal regions because the climate is more moderate there.
Some of them are High latitude bunch grass scattered scrub. Fountain forest Tropical rainforest Dry forest thorn bushes Grassland, savanna, woodland palm &rainforest Open scrub wood and mountain Marsh, Salt flats &high barren snow covered mountains Under the vegetation’s found in Estonia, natural resources are mostly found. Estonia lacks a wide variety of natural resources. It has extensive deposits of oil shale (used as fuel), phosphorite (used for fertilizer), and limestone and dolomite (used as building materials). Peat, a carbon-rich material used as fuel and mulch, is also plentiful. Timber is other important natural resources there.
The country’s extensive wetlands are an important stopover for migrating birds. (Wikipedia 2018) Various type of land forms When talking about the landform in Estonia, in fact we know that land forms of a country must be influenced by the location of the place and the climate too. Almost Estonia is completely surrounded by water; much of Estonia’s land is low and flat (close to sea level). Estonia, a country that is surrounded by the Baltic Sea and bordered by so many countries, which are not Manson here in which it covers an area of 45,227 square kilometers making it slightly bigger than Switzerland or Denmark which are the two places near Estonia and is one of the smallest countries in European continent. The average elevation of the country is only 50 meters above sea level (altitude).
Estonia has more than 1,500 islands, but only 400 are larger than 1 hectare; the rest are small islets and reefs. (https/www.britannica.com;place;esto) The mainland of Estonia has a coastline 3,794 kilometers long. The land of Estonia is mostly a low-lying plain. The average elevation of the country is only 50 meters above sea level (altitude).
The largest islands, Saaremaa and Hiiumaa, are located off the western coast and separate the Gulf of Riga from the Baltic Sea which is the neighboring country. The mainland of Estonia has a coastline 3,794 kilometers long. Along the coast there are numerous bays, straits, and inlets. The coast varies from sheer limestone cliffs in the north to sandy beaches and wetlands in the west Estonia has Coastal landforms Over 1,400 small lakes dot the western parts of the country. ). (Encyclopedia 2010) Further research on the country of Estonia, Estonia has more than 1,150 lakes and reservoirs, which cover about 5 percent of the land.
The rivers of Estonia are separated by a watershed in the middle of the country. Those in the north and west flow directly into the Baltic Sea, while the rivers in the south and east flow into Lake Peipus or into the Narva River, which forms Estonia’s northeastern border with Russia and empties into the Gulf of Finland. (Encyclopedia 2011) Mineral Resources Depend on the climate, location and the types of landforms and vegetation’s help minerals resources to form. Here we found out that Estonia is a country surrounded by the balatic sea and the mineral resources that are likely to found there is OIL and few other mineral resources. Oil shale deposit is located partly in farming district Used for: power generation,90% electricity in Estonia, oil, chemistry ,thermal power Half is underground room and pillar mining About 7millions tons of oil shale per year Plus separated limestone’s 40%+7M+/y surface mining. When looking at the mineral resources, first ting first, we know that the main resources to help generate income to a country and contribute more in to the circulation of their economy and here are some mineral resources that is extracted, processed and to generate income in Estonia.
The oil shale industry in Estonia is one of the most developed in the world. In Estonia oil shale supplied 70% of Estonia’s total primary energy and accounted for 4% of Estonia’s gross domestic product. Although Estonia is in general resource-poor, the land still offers a large variety of smaller resources. The country has large oil shale and limestone deposits, along with forests that cover 48% of the land.
In addition, oil shale and limestone, Estonia also has large reserves of phosphorus, pitchblende, and granite that currently are not mined or not mined extensively. The country currently expo nuclear power plant to secure energy production after closure of old units in the Nava Power Plants. . (https://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Geog) Conclusion Estonia is one of the famous countries in the European continent.
It is unique because of its own physical geographical features which attract most of the tourist to visit the country. All around the world, tourists they loved to go to spend their holiday there because they liked to see the different zoning areas and the type of vegetation grows .also to see various land formation with riches fertile land and deposit of minerals resources, and many more. A country with so many landforms, different types of vegetation’s, climates and resources in which it makes Estonia very unique. In the middle of the sea an unknown land came to be now known as Estonia, (The lonely planet).