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Great Charter of Freedoms

Updated August 28, 2022
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Great Charter of Freedoms essay

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King John of England is forced to sign the Magna Carta by members of the English aristocracy. The document required the king to respect certain rights and imposed legal limits on his power. The Bill of Rights, also known as the English Bill of Rights, is an Act of the Parliament of England that deals with constitutional matters and sets out certain basic civil rights.

Adopted during the early stage of the French Revolution. This document declares the end of the monarchy and the rights of all people to freedom, property, security, and the resistance to treating people unfairly. Containing the first ten amendments to the US Constitution, the US Bill of Rights extends citizens’ rights to include freedom of speech, of the press, and to a fair trial, among others. The first section of the Geneva Conventions, protecting the rights of sick and wounded soldiers, is adopted by European powers. This agreement would eventually be expanded to include the rights of prisoners and of all war victims. The act extended the compulsory age of attendance at school until the age of 10.

School leaving age was raised with successive Acts from ten to age fourteen in 1918. Commonly known as the “Children’s Charter” this enabled the government to intervene for the first time between parents and children. Police could arrest anyone found to be ill-treating a child and enter a home if a child was thought to be in danger. The act included guidelines on the employment of children and outlawed begging. The act was amended and extended. It allowed children to give evidence in court, mental cruelty was recognised and it became an offence to deny a sick child medical attention.

Prevention of Cruelty to Children Act 1904 enabled NSPCC Inspectors to remove children from abusive or neglectful family homes. The 1908 Children and Young Persons Act introduced a set of regulations that became known as the Children’s Charter. This imposed severe punishments for neglecting or treating children cruelly. The War prompted the government to direct funds towards infant welfare centres, and the Act encouraged local authorities to continue this work by introducing the principle of free ante-natal care and free medical care of under-fives.

Most of the work was undertaken by volunteers. Provided adoption for the first time as an alternative to guardianship or institutional care in orphanages. Extended the powers of juvenile courts and introduced supervision orders for children at risk. The following year, a further act combined all child protection laws into a single piece of legislation. Guidelines were also added which included the minimum working age for children (14).

The first major step on behalf of children taken by the United Nations, was UNICEF’s developments to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries devastated by World War II. Is an international document that states the basic rights and freedoms of all human beings. The Act created a children’s committee and a children’s officer in each local authority. Sometimes known as the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child, it is an international document promoting child rights. Established the Scottish Children’s Hearings system and transformed juvenile justice in Scotland by removing children in trouble from the criminal courts. Set the minimum school leaving age at 16.

These Acts made it illegal to discriminate against anyone on grounds of their gender or ethnicity, and introduced the idea of indirect discrimination. The UNCRC aims to protect and promote the rights of all children around the world. It is the first international treaty to combine all human rights in reference to children, allowing them to share in family, cultural and social aspects of life. It highlights the right to survival, development, and protection against abuse, neglect and exploitation. It also tackles issues with education, health care, juvenile justice and the rights of children with disabilities This Act made children’s welfare the paramount concern of the courts, it also centred on the idea that children were best looked after by their family.

UK ratification of United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). The convention covered all aspects of a child’s life and sets out the rights that are entitled to. Created to promote the rights of people with disabilities and to ensure that they do not suffer discrimination. The Act was set out the rights of people with disabilities in relation to employment, education, access to training, services and buying or renting property.

This Act is about the protection and supervision of children, parental rights and responsibilities, children’s hearings and adoptions. Came into force in 2002 in order for people to defend their rights in UK courts and public organisations (including the Government, Police and local councils) had to treat everyone equally, with fairness, dignity and respect. This Act aimed to prevent people considered unsuitable to work with children. Later established in Scotland under the Protection of Children (Scotland) Act 2003.

Required schools, local authorities to safeguard and promote the welfare of children. This initiative aimed to help children and young adults stay safe, healthy, make a positive contribution and achieve economic wellbeing. The Scotland’s Commissioner for Children and Young People was appointed, with Children’s Hearings and the Scottish Children’s Reporter Administration as significant components of children’s rights in Scotland. Education and social services for children in each local authority were brought together under a director of children’s services Protects people from discrimination in the workplace and in wider society. The Bill would provide a constitutional basis to the commitment made by the government in 1999 to eradicate child poverty by 2020. An Act placing children and young people at the centre of planning and services ensuring their rights are valued.

Major sections of the Getting It Right For Every Child (GIRFEC) approach have been introduced into law under the Act and aims to strengthen children and young people’s rights as outlined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC)>

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