While featuring the fatigue of our criminal equity framework Krishna Iyer, J. in the case of Rattan Singh v. Territory of Punjab, relevantly commented “consequently, it is the shortcoming of our criminal justice system that “thus, it is the weakness of our criminal justice system that victims of crimes do not attract the attention of law. In fact, the victim reparation is still the vanishing point of our criminal law”.
Until the end of the Second World War, victim of crime was not a subject of criminological research and it was not given appropriate consideration. However, the piece of work about crime had appeared in work of some criminologists like Beccaria, Lombroso, Ferri, Sutherland, Garofalo, Von Hentig, Nagel, Henry Ellenberger, Schafer, Wolfgang.
Bejamin Mendelsohn has been given the credit to be the first to analyze the connection between the victim and offender and together they have been named as ‘Penal Couple’ by him. The Penal Couple thought has foreseen the conclusion that there are two collaborators who add to the happening of a bad behavior, one being the criminal or offender and the second being the victim who gave a chance to the wrongdoer to complete the wrongdoing.
In this way being a part in the penal couple the injured individual must bear some obligation with respect to the wrongdoing. In present day victimological consideration, this idea is obsolete and this concept is by all accounts like the concept of Victim Precipitation’ which is used to represent the victim as ‘hapless deceive who bring about their own victimization.