CHAPTER ONE

CHAPTER ONE . 1.2 Statements Of Research Problem Today we live in a technological ‘age ‘and global economy where competition has become knowledge-based.

In modern theories of growth and development technological innovation has taken the center stage. Our love for novelty and new gadgets is thus based on practical and theoretical foundations. Moreover, there is growing interest in the relationship between technological innovation (and entrepreneurship) and how it can promote global growth and development. Many industries applied various kinds of newly invented technologies in the making, processing, and development of their products. Some entrepreneurs take advantage of techno logical advancement to outrank their competitors in industrial market.

Roughly every ten years new mobile phone technology and infrastructure involving a change in the fundamental nature of the service, non-backwards-compatible transmission technology, higher peak data rates, new frequency bands, and wider channel frequency bandwidth in Hertz becomes available. It was observed that the mobile internet is an effective tool for gaining access to internet anytime and anywhere through the use of digital devices and enjoy various services available on the internet, which bring much convenience to life. Little or no emphasizes was made on the importance and effect of mobile internet to entrepreneurship development. One of the difficulties in examining the effect of mobile technology on entrepreneurship development is the lack of knowledge on the use of this basic tool of technology for entrepreneurship development. Most entrepreneurs of small scale business do not see the use of website as an efficient tool to present their valued product to the public.

Though majority of large and medium scale enterprise acknowledged the efficient use of website as key to their business. It is surprising and shocking to witness that some businesses (small, medium, large) do not have a website or online presence. It is important for entrepreneurs to identify their consumers, so also consumers need to be informed on what you can offer consumers to know what an entrepreneur s could offer that best satisfy need, but could not reach the business constitute a major problem. Information is valuable because it can affect behavior, a decision or an outcome. It has been said that when you are not informed, you are deformed, therefore there is a need for effective and efficient tool for passing timely and needed information from the top level managers down to the low level workers in an organization.

1.3 Research Questions In order to empirically address the challenges and hindrances raised above, this study provided solutions to the research questions: What is the effect of Mobile Internet on business growth? What is the efficacy of website on product improvement? How automated information system does bring management effectiveness? 1.4 Objectives of The Study To analyze the effect of Internet on business growth. To determine the efficacy of website on product improvement. To access the relationship between automated information system and management effectiveness. 1.5Research Hypothesis The study gear towards the studying of the following hypothesis: Ho: There is no significant relationship between the use of Internet and business growth. Ho: There is no significant relationship between the use of websites and product accessibility.

Ho: There is no significant relationship between automated information system and management effectiveness 1.6Significance of The Study For the last decade, scholars who study entrepreneurship development have lent great value by exploring the factors that promotes business growth and development. Although there have been considerable research based on the impact of technology on entrepreneurship development, instability in technology, as new and improved technologies are being invented rendering the previous ones no or less appropriate for entrepreneurship development, this calls for a for a further study to establish the impacts of newly emerging technologies to entrepreneurship development in the 1980s and early 1990s,some researchers start focus on the person who had a personnel history in the entrepreneurial network. They deal with distinctive role played by personal and business set of connections in the new venture and early growth of technology-based entrepreneurial venture.(Birley, 1985; Aldrich and Zimmer, 1986; Johansson, 1987).This study would help to identify the importance of adopting new technologies and innovation in the development of entrepreneurship. The results of this research work carried out identified the barriers to adoption of emerging technologies and understanding solutions is proffered to enhance entrepreneurship development .The key role of emerging technologies to improve productivity and efficiency of business firm.

The significant efforts in establishing the importance of information management system to an enterprise identified how database of information is managed to enhance entrepreneurship development. The outcome of this study also helps to establish a need for timely adoption of new emerging technology against the competitors and also explained the importance to business firms, entrepreneurs and academic field of study. 1.7Limitations of the Study Studies in innovation likewise stress the importance of external linkages and processes at all points along the technology transfer pathway (Tidd et al., 1997). Innovation is seen increasingly as a multi-firm networking process (Rothwell, 1992), involving close collaboration between companies and a consequent linking of technology-push and market-pull factors. This study was carried out in Yale food limited in Ibadan Oyo State; hence this undermines its generalization.

The researchers also experienced reluctance among the respondents to complete the given questionnaire thus limits the number of respondent in the study. The study used a structured questionnaire which limited the respondents to say more about their feelings with regard to the constraints that affect the adoption of newly invented technologies for entrepreneurship development. The unavailability of recent and newly invented technologies in Nigeria, which are used in developed countries of the world. An example of such technology is robots.

Hence undermines this study to Nigeria. 1.8 Operationalization of Research Variables The topic has two variables, namely; dependent variable and the independent variable represented by X and Y respectively. Y=dependent variable: Entrepreneurship development X=Independent variable: Emerging technology Y1=Business growth Y2=Product improvement. Y3=management effectiveness Elements of variable X X1=Mobile internet X2=Website X3=Automated information system 1.9 Outline of Chapters This research work consists of five chapters. Chapter one consist of background of the study, statement of research problem, objectives, research questions, research hypothesis, significance of the study, limitation of the study, definition of terms.

Chapter two focuses on the literature review on the subject emerging technology as a tool for entrepreneurship development, the theoretical framework, empirical framework and the gap in literature. It discusses relevant literatures on the constructs and variables of the studies. Chapter three focuses on the research methodology, here data analysis is done. Chapter four does justice to the presentation of data analysis. Chapter five dwells on the summary of the findings, conclusions and recommendations for future research study. 1.10 Definition of Terms Business Growth: The process of improving some measure of an enterprise’s success.

Business growth can be achieved either by boosting the top line or revenue of the business with greater product sales or service income, or by increasing the bottom line or profitability of the operation by minimizing costs. Gilbert et al. (2006) suggested how and where questions are important in the context of the growth of the enterprise. It has been highlighted that growth is a function of the decisions of an entrepreneur, who makes or decide on how to grow internally or externally and where to grow in domestic market or international market. Product improvement: Product lifecycles continue to shorten as customer quality expectations continue to increase.

In order to remain competitive you must continuously improve product quality and performance while simultaneously holding costs down. Management effectiveness: management starts at a personal and then moves on to the personnel level. Effective managers become role model for subordinates. They play a vital role in improving the overall effectiveness of the organization by utilizing all available resources. According to Business dictionary, management effectiveness is defined as the degree to which objectives are achieved and the extent to which targeted managerial problems are solved. Internet: The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide.

Website: A website is a collection of related web pages, including multimedia content, typically identified with a common domain name, and published on at least one web serve Automated information system: An automated information system (AIS) is an assembly of computer hardware, software, firmware, or any combination of these, configured to accomplish specific information-handling operations, such as communication, computation, dissemination, processing, and storage of information. CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 Introduction This chapter presents the review of research related studies on conceptual framework, empirical and theoretical framework emerging technology as a tool for entrepreneurship development. Relevant literatures emerging technologies and how it brings about entrepreneurship development will be reviewed. However relevant theories to management, business growth is critically Analyzed and established in this chapter.

2.1 Conceptual Frame work 1.1.1 Entrepreneurship Development The term entrepreneurship development has been defined in various dimensions (Ndechukwu, 2001, McOliver, 1998, Ameashi, 2006). However referring to the productive transformation of an entrepreneur, a single thread runs through all of them: the ability to identify business opportunities, the ability to be able to harness the necessary resources to use opportunities identified, the ability and willingness to initiate and sustain appropriate actions towards the actualization of business objectives. It is also the coming into existence in society of the class of individuals, who are not limited to pace odds Entrepreneurship development aims to enlarge the base of entrepreneurs in order to hasten the pace at which new ventures are created. This accelerates employment generations and economic development. Entrepreneurial development ‘focuses on the individual who wishes to start or expand a business.

Furthermore, entrepreneurship development concentrates more on growth potential and innovation. Essentially this means the acquisition of skills that will enable an entrepreneur to function appropriately and adequately in terms of Attaining present result based on previous decisions and planning for the future, based on present circumstance. Maintaining and developing the organized capability which makes achievement possible, Coordinating the specialist functions that should enable a firm to perform the technical task in marketing, personnel, research and development, manufacturing, finance and control, especially in the face of changing technology and dynamic industry trend. To perform these functions, the entrepreneurial development process, procedures and skill acquisition must entrench certain skills. These include conceptual skills, human skills and technical skills, which will transform the entrepreneur into a taskmaster, mediator and motivator.

Entrepreneurial development depends on the entrepreneurial skills, which affect positively the strategic management and development of entrepreneurial organizations in Nigeria. 2.1.2 The Role and Importance of Entrepreneurship Development Developing country needs entrepreneurs who are competent to perceive new opportunities and are willing to incur the necessary risk in exploiting them. A developing economy is required to be brought out of the vicious circle of low income and poverty. Entrepreneur can break this vicious circle.

Entrepreneurs and helping government can change a developing economy in developed economy. I.Employment Generation Entrepreneurs not only give employment to the entrepreneur but also a source of direct and indirect employment for many people in a country. Unemployment is a chronic problem in most of the developing and underdeveloped countries. Entrepreneurs play an effective role in reducing the problem of unemployment in the country which in turn clears the path towards economic development of the nation Entrepreneurial development is looked at as a vehicle for employment generation through promotion of small business. India, being far more developed and forward looking country than some of the third world countries, can provide lead to entrepreneurial development activities. However, India can benefit from the well- documented success experiences of developed countries like USA, Japan and UK in the field of employment generation and small business promotion.

II. Promotes Capital Formation Entrepreneurs mobilize the idle funds which lead to capital formation. The funds which are used by entrepreneurs is a mix of their own and borrowed. This leads to creation of wealth which is very essential for development of an economy. III.

Small Business Plan Dynamism Great dynamism is one of the qualities of the small and medium enterprises. This quality of dynamism originates in the inherent nature of the small business. The structure of small and medium enterprises is less complex than that of large enterprises and therefore facilitates quicker and smoother communication and decision- making. This allows for the greater flexibility and mobility of small business management. Also, small enterprises, more often make it possible for owners, who have a stronger entrepreneurial spirit than employed managers, to undertake risk and challenges. IV.Balanced Economic Development Small business promotion needs relatively low investment and therefore can be easily undertaken in rural and semi-urban areas.

This in turn creates additional employment in these areas and prevents migration of people from rural to urban areas. Since majority of the people are living in the rural areas, therefore, more of our development efforts should be directed towards this sector. Small enterprises use local resources and are best suited to rural and underdeveloped sector The growth of industries and business in these areas lead to a large number of public benefits like road transport, health, education, entertainment, etc… Setting up of more industries leads to more development of backward regions and thereby promotes balanced regional development. V. Innovations In Enterprises Business enterprises need to be innovative for survival and better performance.

It is believed that smaller firms have a relatively higher necessity and capability to innovate. The smaller firms do not face the constraints imposed by large investment in existing technology. Thus they are both free and compelled to innovate. Entrepreneurship development is accelerating the pace of small firm’s growth in India. An increased number of small firms are expected to result in more innovations and make the Indian industry compete in the international market.

VI. Better Standards Of Living Entrepreneurs play a vital role in achieving a higher rate of economic growth. Entrepreneurs are able to produce goods at lower cost and supply quality goods at lower price to the community according to their requirements. When the price of the commodities decreases the consumers get the power to buy more goods for their satisfaction. In this way they can increase the standard of living of the people. VII.

Self-reliance Entrepreneurs are the corner stores of national self-reliance. They help to manufacture indigenous substitutes to imported products which reduce the dependence on foreign countries. There is also a possibility of exporting goods and services to earn foreign exchange for the country. Hence, the import substitution and export promotion ensure economic independence and the country becomes self-reliance. VII.

Facilitates Overall Development: Entrepreneurs act as catalytic agent for change which results in chain reaction. Once an enterprise is established, the process of industrialization is set in motion. This unit will generate demand for various types of units required by it and there will be so many other units which require the output of this unit. This leads to overall development of an area due to increase in demand and setting up of more and more units. In this way, the entrepreneurs multiply their entrepreneurial activities, thus creating an environment of enthusiasm and conveying an impetus 2.1.3 Technology Technology can be the knowledge of techniques, processes, and the like, or it can be embedded in machines which can be operated without detailed knowledge of their workings. The human species’ use of technology began with the conversion of natural resources into simple tools.

Emerging technology: Staying on top of current technologies means anticipating future ones. Emerging technologies are characterized by radical novelty, relatively fast growth, coherence, prominent impact, and uncertainty and ambiguity. In other words, an emerging technology can be defined as “a radically novel and relatively fast growing technology characterized by a certain degree of coherence persisting over time and with the potential to exert a considerable impact on the socio-economic domain(s) which is observed in terms of the composition of actors, institutions and patterns of interactions among those, along with the associated knowledge production processes. It’s most prominent impact, however, lies in the future and so in the emergence phase is still somewhat uncertain and ambiguous. The list of new technologies grows every day. Augmented reality, algorithms, machine-to-machine communications, 3-D printing, and autonomous vehicles information technology, bio-technologies, wireless data communication, and on-demand printing and also advanced robotics help people with a range of different tasks.

These technologies are broad-based in their scope and significant in their ability to transform existing businesses and personal lives. They have the potential to ease people’s lives and improve their personal and business dealings. Other technologies include Internet, Automated teller machine (ATM), Website etc. For this purpose this research, my point of focus is on Internet, automated teller machine, website, this is simply because of availability and accessibility in the geographical location of the study. 2.1.4 The Importance and the Impact of the Emerging Technology to an Organization Easy and fast exchange of information: business has been able to advance in such ways that allow communication across to travel around the globe without leaving their respective offices and homes. They can send and receive information instantaneously.

Consider how emerging technology has impacted in organization in the follow way like web conferencing, through mobile internet etc. Cost Effective: Organization finds that web conferencing is an effective, cost-effective way to handle oversea business. They can hold group meeting, doing a real time training just by via internet. It helps the organization to save a great amount of money in traveling cost while increasing efficiency and productivity. Safety: Global Positioning Systems, emerging technology business enterprise, home alarms and fires, and cellular technology have helped to make our lives safer in a number of ways.

In cases of emergency, instant information is timely passed across for appropriate action, this help to save high risk and losses example simply plug in your destination to GPS. Witness a crime? Report it instantly on your cell phone. In addition, emerging technology has made homes safer with the ability to detect deadly gases and smoke in the home. Expedite processes: Because of emerging technology, products are made and delivered to store much faster than ever before.

In addition, machines and technology help to eliminate or greatly reduce human error. Finances: TM, or Automated Teller Machines, as well as internet banking, have made it easier for instant payments for goods and services. 2.1.5 Contemporary Examples where Technology is vital to entrepreneurial development Some significant examples where Technology played an important role in Entrepreneurship Development and an aid to establishment of enterprise as well as the smooth running of business are; HP Life Program: HP Learning Initiative for Entrepreneurs (HP LIFE) is a global program that trains students, entrepreneurs, and small business owners to apply IT and business skills, so that they can establish and grow a business, build successful companies and create jobs. Face-to-face trainings, tools and e-Learning program address educational needs, improve and strengthen skills and enable Entrepreneurs to move forward.

Flipkart:Flipkart is an Indian E-Commerce company established in 2007 bySachin, Bansal and Binny. It operates exclusively in India, with headquarters at Bengaluru, Karnataka. Flipkart has launched its own product range under the name “DigiFlip” with products including tablets, USBs, and laptop bags. Flipkart has also launched its own range of personal healthcare and home appliances under the brand “Citron”. HopStop.com which he reportedly sold to Apple in the “billion” dollar range. HopStop.com is a mobile and online application that provides mass transit directions door-to-door mass transit, taxi, walking, biking and hourly car rental directions in major metropolitan markets throughout the U.S., Canada, U.K, France, Australia, New Zealand and Russia.

In 2001, HopStop was named one of the 100 fastest growing companies in the US by Inc. magazine. Chinedu also founded Tripology.com, an interactive travel referral service focused on connecting travelers with travel specialists which was later acquired by USA Today Travel Media Group.Konga.com, Nigeria’s largest online shopping portal and DealDey spinoff site. Konga.com. 2.2 Theoretical Framework Various theories of entrepreneurship have been propounded by thinkers. They can be classified in three categories: 1.

Cultural 2. Economic. 3. Sociological .2.2.1 Cultural Theories of Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurs are considered to be the seeds of the development of industries.

Entrepreneurs play a pivotal role in the process of the promotion and execution of the business. In other words, entrepreneurs are the persons who are responsible for the organizing and managing the business by the judicious utilization of the theories of entrepreneurship. The different theories of entrepreneurship are relevant for the development of the business which helps the beneficiaries to perform better. The objective of these theories is not only to enhance the skills and knowledge of the entrepreneurs but also to help them apply them in the practical world (Chakraborty et al., 2014). The entrepreneurial theories can be divided into sociological, economic and cultural aspects. There does not exist one universal theory that can be utilized and applied by the entrepreneurs.

Every individual is responsible for making cultural choices. Entrepreneurs are one of the important products of culture. It is important for the entrepreneurs to apply their cultural values within the cultural environment. Cultural theory of entrepreneurship helps to influence the stakeholders of their enterprise by instilling in their minds the importance of culture with respect to the business (Chatterji et al., 2013).

The cultural theories of entrepreneurship provide a massive knowledge on some traditional and effective theories on entrepreneurship. The three main theories that focus on the cultural aspects of the entrepreneurship are discussed below. 2.2.2 Hoselitz’s Theory Hoselitz socio-cultural theory is based on the assumption that every individual is endowed with social and cultural power. According to him entrepreneurs can be developed where the society is well developed. Most of the entrepreneurs hail from a certain socio-economic class. Hoselitz centers on the concept that the culturally marginal people in the society who are considered as culturally developed.

and belong to a well-developed society are considered eligible for being entrepreneurs. These sections of the society stimulate the entrepreneurial and economic development (Hofstede, 1993). In this regard, the marginally cultural groups of the society include Jews in medieval Europe, Chinese in South Africa, Indians residing in East Africa etc. (Lounsbury& Glynn, 2001).

The basis of Hoselitz is derived from the following viewpoint: 1. Marginal men hypothesis-Hoselitz explained that the marginal men are the pools of the development of entrepreneurs. These marginal men have the potentiality to adjust in variable situations in spite of their ambiguous social and cultural position. In the process of adjustment, they innovate their social behavior.

2. The importance of the managerial and leadership skills- Entrepreneurs must possess extraordinary leadership and managerial skills which would drive them to yield profits. Hoselitz emphasizes on the fact that the managerial and the leadership skills are both necessary for the company as it would not only help to manage the company well but would also motivate the entrepreneurs to lead (Lounsbury and Glynn, 2001). 3. Involvement of specific social classes- The entrepreneurial talents are prevalent in every country but the persons having socio-economic backgrounds are the ones that shine in the entrepreneurial skill. One example can be drawn from India where the Marwaris and the Parsis are the leading social class in the arena of entrepreneurs (Hofstede, 1993).

2.2.3 Peter F. Drucker’s Entrepreneurship Theory Peter F. Drucker explained that the entrepreneurs are one that are constantly looking for new avenues to change and utilize this change as an opportunity. Drucker’s theory is based on two important factors which are innovation and resources; innovation depends on resources and resources gain importance only when perceived to possess economic value.

Innovating new ideas as well as new products or any elements related to his business help him to increase his productivity. Similarly, resources like capital are important to incorporate new innovations. (Simpeh, 2011). The theory explains that there is a complex relationship between the innovation, resources and the behavior of the entrepreneurs. Peter F. Drucker had derived three main points which help to explain the role of the entrepreneurs: 1.

Entrepreneurs increase the value and satisfaction of the customer through the efficient utilization of the resources. 2. Entrepreneurs are responsible for the creation of new values. 3. Entrepreneurs must combine the existing materials and the resources (Scholte et al., 2015) 2.2.4 Eco Analysis Framework J.J.

Kao’s conceptual model forms the basis of the ECO Model. The ECO analysis is derived from three key points which are Entrepreneurship, Creativity and Organization. Kao had stated that entrepreneurship and creativity are derived from the interrelationship between three components which are the person, the task and the organizational context (Dacin et al. 2010).

1. The person is regarded as the most important element of this model where new ideas are implemented by the efficient persons. The entrepreneurial talents of a person include skills, motivation, experience and psychological factors (Alvarez and Busenitz, 2007). 2. The task emphasizes on acquiring opportunities, management of resources and implementing leadership qualities which are necessary for the entrepreneurial growth. 3.

The organizational context is the concatenation of the creative and entrepreneurial work. For example, the organizational structure affects the entrepreneurial environment. There is no single entrepreneurial theory that would be enough for any entrepreneur to operate in the competitive environment yet most of the theorist fail to explain different aspects of the entrepreneurship. The cultural theories are one such example where the cultural aspects are considered to motivate the entrepreneurs. 2.2.5 Economic Theory of Entrepreneurship Many economists revealed that entrepreneurship and economic growth will take place in those circumstances where particular economic conditions are in favor of the business environment. The main advocates of this theory were Papanek and Harris.

According to them economic incentives are the main forces for entrepreneurial activities in any country. There are a lot of economic factors which promote or demote entrepreneurship in a country. These factors are: The availability of bank credit ,High capital formation with a good flow of savings and investments ,Supply for loanable funds with a lower rate of interest, Increased demand for consumer goods and services, Availability of productive resources, Efficient economic policies like fiscal and monetary policies ,Communication and transportation facilities. Economic development was the result of rationalization of technology and accounting systems and the acquisition of capital and its productive use was the main theme of the Weberian thesis. Some scholars have tried to explain the growth of entrepreneurship in terms of regional economic factors, e.i., industrial support to environment in these regions. A question which was analyzed by a researcher is: “Since Jains and Vaisyas were in every corner of India, why was it that only Marwari ad Gujarati Vaisyas and Jains gave lead in entrepreneurship, mostly in Gujarat”.

This analysis revealed that Gujarat had environment favorable to business and industry. Thus, its can be concluded that the industrial climate may have a very significant impact on the response of entrepreneurs. However, the group factors, as emphasized by various studies, cannot be ignored altogether. 2.2.6 Technology Technology drives the development of many new products and markets; it is also a major reason why some products decline (Boyd, Walker and Larreche, 1995).Technology can also substantially influence an industry’s performance. In addition to creating new products, technological developments affect all marketing activities, including communications (making available new media or new selling tools), distribution (opening new channels or modifying the operations and performance of existing ones), packaging (using new materials), and marketing research (using new data collection and analysis methods) (Lekhanyaand Mason, 2013).Achtenhagen (2011) indicates that shortage of working capital to finance exports,identifying foreign business opportunities, limited information to locate/analyze markets and inability to conduct potential overseas customers as major barriers to the internationalization of SMEs. Chiware and Dick (2008) have shown that there is a very low level of technology use among SMEs.

According to Yeh, Jung-Ting and Chang (2007), the costs and effort involved with the subsequent implementation of technology are key factors that influence the success of small businesses. Nowadays the use of ICT in enterprises is very important, especially in SMEs that are the majority of companies operating the world (Consoli, 2012). Thus, the adoption and use of ICT can bring benefits in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, innovation, growth and competitive advantages. Muritala, Awolajaand Bako (2012) government should support SMEs with modern technology in order to able them to access to the necessary information relating to business opportunities which would enable them to reduce their operating cost and be more efficient to meet the market competitions. 2.2.7 Challenges of Technology as an Important Player in Entrepreneurial Development Fragmented Policy and implementation :There is no comprehensive policy of the state on entrepreneurship and innovative technology so far. i.

Inadequate funding of Research and Development (R&D) Little national funding is available for R&D: from 2011 to 2012 it was only 0.88% of gross domestic product (NSTMIS, 2013).Consequentially, even less funding is available to the academic and R&D institutions. ii.Complex Funding Procedures The funding available through banks and other institutions can be availed only after fulfilling lengthy and complex procedures which creates an obstacle in free growth of entrepreneurship and innovative technology usage. iii.Defective education system: The general education system is more focused on grades and creativity and innovation are not emphasized which leads to low technology based enterprises. iii. Industrial Attitude: The overlooking attitude of industry towards development of techno-enterprises is a major hindrance. Moreover there is an attitude of risk-aversion which results it lesser creativity and innovations.

iv. Other Challenges includes: Poor infrastructure, Low capital formation, slow and erratic government decision-making etc. 2.3 Emperical Framework The basic idea of the research framework is to test model on the key role emerging technologies as a tool for entrepreneurship development. Adoption of newly emerging technology by business organization facilitates high quality output which best satisfy the need and wants of the customers.

The evaluation and analysis of emerging technologies provides for improved system of management through quick and efficient system of passing information from the top level managers down to the lower level managers which in turns stimulates entrepreneurship development. The standardization processes and automation of work flows through adoption of newly improved emerging technologies help to keep abreast of the dynamic business environment and the global change. Kuratko et al 2005 argues that technology has attracted the attention of international organizations, business organizations and cooperation in recent years. However, there are limited numbers or empirical studies with very few quantitative studies.

Most of this are explanatory type, rigorous hypothesis is lacking, little variety in research design is applied, and most of them are based on small sample size. The use of User Centered Design principles, utilizing personas and scenarios will help to identify possible successful technologies by giving a deeper understanding of how a user for instance a female small business owner will interact with a particular technology (e.g. mobile internet such as arduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SR PDA) in a specific organizational context such as IT small business. The development process of any systems and products for the small business sector includes: formulating the design concept of the products, participating actively in the detailed product design, providing an evaluation framework to assess the usability/usefulness of the artifact/products (action research/co-design), and performing the usability testing (iterative design) (Burke, Castro, Singh and Turner, 2002).

The approach to development in this project includes the application of User Centered Design methodologies that has been tested within a number of contexts and is discussed further in Beekhuyzen, von Hellens, Morley, & Nielsen (2003) and Astbrinkand Beekhuyzen(2003). (Aldrich and Whetten, 1981) establish that firm’s technological relation set has no empirical existence as a coordinating association but is purposely constructed for the analysis. Villa and Curran (1999) explains that new trends and technologies continue to affect how business is conducted, which market it serves, and how it provides those services, hence there is a need for further studies in this course. 2.4 Gap in Literature The significance of emerging technologies as a tool for entrepreneurship development is to be researched. This study intends to bring together two streams of research emerging technologies in relation to Yale Foods Limited in Plot 1B, Block 1, Oluyole Industrial Estate Ibadan, Oyo State. CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.0 Introduction The aim of this chapter is to present the philosophical assumptions underpinning this research, as well as to introduce the research strategy and the empirical techniques applied.

Other issues to be addressed include research design, study population, sample size determination, source of data collection techniques, sample frame, research instruments, sampling techniques, validity of research instruments, methods of data collection with data gathered, comprehensive information relating to emerging technologies as a tool for entrepreneurship development. 3.1Research Design A design is used to structure the research, to show how all of the major parts of the research project; the samples or groups, measures, treatments or programs, and methods of assignment work together to try to address the central research questions. It is concerned with the relationship between the constructs of the research work. The researcher intends using the descriptive research method.

The research method and design used in any research is substantially determined by the research problems. Since this research is a fact finding study, descriptive research method will be selected in order to appraise the role of emerging technologies as a tool for entrepreneurship development. The descriptive approach is based on answers to certain relevant research questions. 3.2 Population of the Study According to Mason (1997), the population of a study is the collection of all possible individuals, objects or measurements of interest. For this study, the population consist various levels of management in Yale food.

For the purpose of this study, the study population refers to the various levels of employees in Yale foods limited. The study population includes employees of genders, various age groups and educational qualifications and employees at various levels of management. The estimated population of this study was two hundred and forty (240),majorly covers skilled personnel from different levels and departments in Yale foods limited, Ibadan, Oyo State. 3.3Sample Size Determinants A sample is a finite part of a statistical population whose properties are studied to gain information about the whole (Webster, 1985). When dealing with people, it can be defined as a set of respondents (people) selected from a larger population for the purpose of the survey.

A sample can refer to a set of people or objects chosen from a larger population in order to represent that population in order to represent that population to a greater extent (Mason et al,1997).Therefore, the size of the study sample and the way in which it is chosen will certainly have implications for the confidence in the results and the extent to which generalizations can be made. There are several sample size determination techniques. However, for this study, the sample size was gotten by making use of 240 respondents from Yale food ltd Ibadan, making use of Yaroyamane (1964:1980) sampling technique forrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRmula, the formula is given as follows n =N 1+N(e)2 Where, n = sample size, N = total population of the study “e” is the level of significance (0.05). E N = 240, e = 0.05 n = 240 1+240 (0.05)2 = 240 1+240*0.0025 = 240 1+0.6 = 240 1.6 = 150respondents 3.4Sources of Data Collection The data collection format will depend on the kind of data to be collected.

However, in this particular study both primaryrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SR and secondary data were used. Primary Data The researcher intends using various tools in collecting the primary data. These tools would include questionnaires which were structured on the basis of the research hypothesis which was presented to respondents to express their views, opinions and observations. The questionnaire contains both open and closed ended questions to collect data on the subject matter for the study. Secondary Data This refers to already published information. The source of the secondary data was from internet reports relevant to the research, textbooks, journals, earlier publications, the secondary data was used to develop a proper conceptual and theoretical framework for this study, while testing research hypothesis and providing answers to the research questions will be done through the primary data.

3.5Sample Frame The sample frame for data vcollection consists of various levels of employees who are involved in day to day management of the company. According to Adebayo (2000), a sample frame is the basic details and specificrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRations of all members of the population from which a sample is to be drawn. it has the quality of every element and it acts as a representative of the population. The sample frame covers only the managers of various departments.

Yale foods limited is a large firm with departments producing different products e.g sweets, biscuits, chewing gum, bread etc. with each departments being managed by various levels of managers. The sample frame is purposively selected as a result of closeness in space, time or relationship to the researcher’s point of contact, for effective management of the respondents and cost of efficiency. (Bailey, 1987; Singleton, 1992). 3.6Research Instruments The questionnaire will be developed to contain the relevant questions that would elicit necessary responses from the respondents and to get hold of appropriate and relevant data that will help to have a better and justifiable result.

The questionnaire will be designed on a linked five (5)pointscale grading system which is as follow: Strongly Agree ( SA ),=6,Agreed ( A ) =5, Fairly Agree (FA)=4 Fairly Disagree (FD),=3 Disagree ( D ) = 2, Strongly Disagree( SD ) = 1. 3.7Sampling Techniques Sampling is defined as the process of selecting representative elements (samples) from a given population (Ojo, 2003).This process enables the researcher to choose elements which sufficiently reflect the relevance features and characteristics of the population from which they are drawn. The sample size will be 240 selected members of Yale food limited in Ibadan,Oyo State Nigeria. The questionnaire techniques will be employed as the data gathering device to elicit relevant responses from the population study. The sampling techniques that will be used for this study is a purposive random sample since respondents cut across various departments of this large manufacturing firm i.e Yale Foods Limited.

3.8Validity of Research Instrument According to Ojo(2003) validity refers degree which a measuring instrument measures what it is designed to mention .Asika(1991) stated that validity can be defined as the extent to which a measuring instrument measures what it is designed to measure. As sourced from Osuala (1982), validity is usually measured by such questions as: Does the test measure what it is supposed to measure? The emphasis here is on what is being measured. A number of concepts are in a discussion of validity. At least four types of validity have been identified. These include; the predictive validity which is the ability of an instrument to predict some future events, the concurrent validity which is usually measured by the calculation of a correlation coefficient between the distribution of test scores and some concurrently existing criterion measure ,the content validity which is essentially determined by the process through which the items were selected, the construct validity whereby a researcher devises an instrument in terms of how much the results obtained fits the theoretical formulations that constitute its development, and the face validity which is concerned with the extent to which the researcher believes the instrument is appropriate. For the course of this research study, the face validity will be adopted; Pre-test will be carried out to see how the questionnaire will work out and whether changes will be necessary before the start of the full-scale study.

This will afford the opportunity of gaining an insight as to the language or structural problems in the questionnaire for the selected managers in the areas of the study and necessary modification will be done through the guide of my supervisor in order for the questionnaires to achieve it purpose. 3.9Reliability of Research Instruments Efforts will be made to ensure that the questionnaires are administered to managers and employees of the study area alone. With the assistance of an expert in measurement and evaluation, the questions in the questionnaire will not be ambiguously presented to the respondents. Also, cronbach’s alpha test of reliability will be conducted on the questionnaires to assess the internal consistency of the entire scale. Reliability Test cronbach’s alpha test No of Items 689 35 3.10 Method of Data Analysis In analyzing the data, descriptive statistics will be used to present the personal profile of the respondent’s characteristics (frequency percentage tables, mean and standard deviation)Inferential statistics (cross tabulation, Chi-Square) will be used to test the research hypotheses.

This enables the study to ascertain if emergivrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRng technologies is an efficient driver of entrepreneurship development .Thus, data that is applicable to study Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) will be used in order to assess the impact and analyze the data, if there is a relationship and the extent of the relationship between the independent variable (Emerging technology) and the dependent variable Entrepreneurship developmentTo study the relationship between the variables under study, For automated information system regression and correlation analysis will be employed in order to ascertain the level of relationship that exists between the variables. This is in line with the work of Yekinni and Ajayi, 2011; Adeniyi and Solomon, 2010 and Owoseni, 2011 as the main statistical method. ,, ,, CHAPTER FOUR DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 4:0 Introduction This chapter is concerned with the presentation, analysis and interpretation of data gathered from the responses to administered questionnaires. It also includes an empirical testing of hypothesis made about this study and each of their interpretations. It should be noted that Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for analyzing descriptive statistics.

4:1 Presentation of data The research questionnaire was administered to One hundred and fifty (150) respondents which is the sample size of the study. One hundred and twenty four were fully administered and collected. The table below shows the details at a glance 4:2 Data Analysis and presentation Table 4.2.1 Analysis of Response Rate Questionnaire Respondents Percentage (%) Returned 150 94.34 Not Returned 9 5.66 Total Distributed 159 100 Source: Field survey, 2017. 4:2:2Frequency Table Analysis of Demographic Characteristics A summary of variables that are expected to have important implications on emerging technology as a tool entrepreneurship development is presented in Table 4.2:2.

About 37.3% of the respondents were female while 62.7% were male. The implication of these is that more male works in the organization than female. This implies that as a manufacturing business organization more male works in the organization than female. Table 4.2 also shows that 74.0% of the respondents were between the ages of 30-39years, 26.0% were between the ages of 40 – 49years,. The implication of this is that age range of 30 -39years and 40-49 dominates.

This implies that majority of the sampled respondent’s falls within this age range. Table 4.2, also reveals that 34.0% of the respondents have1-5years working experience in the organization, 23.3% of the respondents have 11-15years working experience in the organization, 33.3% of the respondents have 6-10years working experience in the organization, while 93.0% of the respondents have 0ver 15years working experience in the organization.. This revealed that most of the respondents have been working for long with the organization.. Table 4.2 16% of the respondents are divorced, 46% of the respondents are married 34% of the respondents are single while 4% of the respondents are others. . This revealed that most of the employees of this organization are married.

Table 4:2 also shows that24.7% of the respondents are ND/DIPLOMA holder,28.7% of the respondents are SSCE holder,36% of the respondents are HND/BSC holder, while 10.7% of the respondents are others. This shows that majority of the employees are HND/BSC holders. Table 4.2:2 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents by their demographic characteristics. N = 140 Demographic characteristicsFrequencyPercentage% Cumulative________ Sex Male 5637.3 37.3 Female 9462.7100.0 Age 30 – 39years11174.0 74.0 40– 49years 3926.0100.0 Work Experience 1 -5years 51 34.0 34.0 6 – 10years 5033.3 90.7 11-15 35 23.3 57.0 Over 15years 1493.3100.0 Marital Status Divorce 24 16.0 16.0 Married 69 46.0 62.0 Others 6 4.0 66.0 Single 5134.0 100.0 Educational Qualification SSCE 43 28.7 28.7 OND/DIPLOMA 37 24.7 69.7 HND/BSC57 36.0 89.0 Over/15years16 10.7 100.0 Source: Field Survey, 2017 Table 4:2:3 Mobile internet and business growth Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid 2 1.3 1.3 1.3 Agreed 110 73.3 73.3 74.7 Fairly Agreed 28 18.7 18.7 93.3 Strongly Agreed Fairly Disagree 10 6.7 6.7 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:5 Classifies the respondents based on mobile internet and business growth. It shows that 3(1.3%) of the respondents agreed,110 (73.3%) of the respondents Fairly Agreed,28(18.7%) of the respondents strongly agreed,10(6.7%) of the respondents Fairly disagree.

This implies that higher percentage of the rerduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRspondents agreed. Frequency Table Table 4:2:4 Mobile internet keeps customers informed on new products and existing products Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 55 36.7 36.7 36.7 Disagree 5 3.3 3.3 40.0 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 40.7 Fairly Agreed 22 14.7 14.7 55.3 Fairly Disagree 17 11.3 11.3 66.7 Strongly Agreed 50 33.3 33.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2: 4 Mobile internet keeps customers informed on new products and existing products 55(36.7%) of the respondents agreed,5(3.3%) of the respondents disagree,1(0.7%) of the respondents Stronglydisagreed,22(14.7%) of the respondents fairly agreed,17(11.3%) of the respondents fairly disagreed. This suggests that the respondents strongly agreed with the statements Table 4:2:5, Mobile internet encourages business activities within the business internal environment. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 53 35.3 35.3 35.3 Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 36.7 Fairly Agreed 29 19.3 19.3 56.0 Fairly Disagree 13 8.7 8.7 64.7 Strongly Agreed 53 35.3 35.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:5 classifies the opinion of the respondents on mobile internet encourages business activities within the business internal environment.53 (35%) of the respondents agreed,2(1.2%) of the respondents disagree,29(19.3%) of the respondents fairly agreed,13(8.7%) of the respondents fairly disagreed,53(35.5%) of the respondents strongly agreed.

This suggests that the respondents strongly agreed with the statements. Table 4:2:6 Most employees have internet accessibility within the organizations Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 37.3 Disagree 1 .7 .7 38.0 Fairly Agreed 31 20.7 20.7 58.7 Fairly Disagree 15 10.0 10.0 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017. Table 4:2:6 classifies the opinion of the respondents on most employees have internet accessibility within the organization. It shows 56(37.3%) of the respondents agreed,1(0.7%) of the respondents disagree,31(20.7%) of the respondents fairly disagree,15(10%) of the respondents fairly disagreed,47(31.3%) strongly agreed .this shows that the agreed with this statements 4:2:7 Information are passed to customers through mobile internet Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 61 40.7 40.7 41.3 Disagree 4 2.7 2.7 44.0 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 44.7 Fairly Agreed 27 18.0 18.0 62.7 Fairly Disagree 9 6.0 6.0 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:7 classifies the opinion of the respondents on Information are passed to customers through mobile internet. .

It shows 61 (40.7%) of the respondents agreed,4(2.7%) of the respondents disagree,1(0.7%) of the respondents strongly disagree,27(18%) of the respondents fairly agreed,9(6.0%) fairly disagreed,47 (31.3%) strongly agreed. This shows that most of respondents support this statements. Table 4:2:8 Customers use internet connectivity to access this business organization. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 58 38.7 38.7 38.7 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 40.7 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 41.3 Fairly Agreed 24 16.0 16.0 57.3 Fairly Disagree 17 11.3 11.3 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:8 classifies the opinion of the respondents on Customers use internet connectivity to access this business organization. It shows 58(38.7%) of the respondents agreed, 3(2.0%) of the respondents disagree,1(0.7%) of the respondents strongly disagree,24(16.0%) of the respondents fairly agreed,17(11.3%) fairly agreed,47(31.3%) of the respondents strongly agreed .This table shows that the respondents agreed that 8 Customers use internet connectivity to access this business organization.

Table 4:2:9 There has been high increase in business output over the years. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 43 28.7 28.7 28.7 Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 30.0 Strongly Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 31.3 Fairly Agreed 41 27.3 27.3 58.7 Fairly Disagree 8 5.3 5.3 64.0 Strongly Agreed 54 36.0 36.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:9 classifies the opinion of the respondents on There has beerduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRn high increase in business output over the years. It shows 43(28.7%) of the respondents agreed 2(1.3%) of the respondents disagree,2(1.3%) of the respondents strongly disagree,41(27.3%) of the respondents fairly agreed,8(5.3%) fairly disagreed.54(36%) of the respondents strongly agreed Table4:2:10 The organization produces many but related products Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 37.3 Disagree 7 4.7 4.7 42.0 Fairly Agreed 27 18.0 18.0 60.0 Fairly Disagree 13 8.7 8.7 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table4:2:10 classifies the opinion of the respondents on the organization produces many but related products. It shows 56(37.3%) of the respondents agreed, 7(4.7%) of the respondents disagree, 27(18.0%) of the respondents fairly agree,13(8.7%) of the respondents fairly disagreed, 47(31.3%) strongly agreed. Table 4:2:11 There is significant increase in the number of employees Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 37.3 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 39.3 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 40.0 Fairly Agreed 29 19.3 19.3 59.3 Fairly Disagree 13 8.7 8.7 68.0 Strongly Agreed 48 32.0 32.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table4:2:11 classifies the opinion of the respondents on there is significant increase in the number of employees.

It shows 56(37.3%) of the respondents agreed,3(2.0%) of the respondents disagree,1(0.7%) of the respondents strongly disagree,29(19.3%) of the respondents fairly agreed,13(8.7%) fairly disagreed. Table4:2:12 The organization uses new and improved technological machines in production of goods Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 48 32.0 32.0 32.0 Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 33.3 Fairly Agreed 39 26.0 26.0 59.3 Fairly Disagree 13 8.7 8.7 68.0 Strongly Agreed 48 32.0 32.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table4:2:12 classifies the opinion of the respondents on the organization uses new and improved technological machines in production of goods. It shows 48(32.0%) of the respondents agreed,2(0.3%) of the respondents disagree,39(26.0%) of the respondents fairly agree,13(8.7%) of the respondents fairly disagreed,48(32%) strongly agreed. Table4:2:13Customers satisfaction is a major determinant of repeat purchase decision. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 57 38.0 38.0 38.7 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 40.7 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 41.3 Fairly Agreed 40 26.7 26.7 68.0 Fairly Disagree 10 6.7 6.7 74.7 Strongly Agreed 38 25.3 25.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:13 classifies the opinion of the respondents on Customers satisfaction is a major determinant of repeat purchase decision. It shows 57(38.0%) of the respondents agreed,3(2.0%) of the respondents disagree,1(0.7%) of the respondents strongly disagreed,40(26.7%) of the respondents fairly agreed,10(6.7%) fairly disagreed.38(25.5%) of the respondents strongly agreed.

Table 4:2:14 The organization has a functional website Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 49 32.7 32.7 32.7 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 34.7 Strongly Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 36.0 Fairly Agreed 32 21.3 21.3 57.3 Fairly Disagree 8 5.3 5.3 62.7 Strongly Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:14 classifies the opinion of the respondents on the organization has a functional website. It shows 49(32.7%) of the respondents agreed,3(2.0%) of the respondents disagree,2(1.3%) of the respondents strongly disagree,32(21.3%) of the respondents fairly agreed,8(5.3%) fairly disagreed, 56(37.7%) of the respondents strongly agreed. Table 4:2:15 The organization updates the information on the website efficiently Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid 1 .7 .7 .7 Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 38.0 Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 39.3 Fairly Agreed 37 24.7 24.7 64.0 Fairly Disagree 9 6.0 6.0 70.0 Strongly Agreed 45 30.0 30.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:15 Classifies the opinion of the respondents on the organization updates the information on the website efficiently. It shows 56(37.3%) of the rduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrespondents agreed,1(0.7%) of the respondents disagree,31(20.7%) of the respondents fairly disagree,15(10%) of the respondents fairly disagreed,47(31.3%) strongly agreed. 4:2:16 New products and existing ones are presented to the world through website Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 63 42.0 42.0 42.0 Disagree 6 4.0 4.0 46.0 Fairly Agreed 18 12.0 12.0 58.0 Fairly Disagree 11 7.3 7.3 65.3 Strongly Agreed 52 34.7 34.7 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:16 classifies the opinion of the respondents on New products and existing ones are presented to the world through website.

It shows 63(42.0%) of the respondents agreed 6(4.0%) of the respondents disagree,18(12%) of the respondents fairly agree,11(7.3%) of the respondents fairly disagreed,52(34.7%) strongly agreed. This implied that majority of respondents agreed and strongly agreed that on New products and existing ones are presented to the world through website Table 4:2:17 Complaints and comments of customers are well treated through the website. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 58 38.7 38.7 38.7 Disagree 4 2.7 2.7 41.3 Strongly Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 42.7 Fairly Agreed 37 24.7 24.7 67.3 Fairly Disagree 10 6.7 6.7 74.0 Strongly Agreed 38 25.3 25.3 99.3 Strongly Agreed` 1 .7 .7 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:17 classifies the opinion of the respondents on Complaints and comments of customers are well treated through the website. It shows 58(38.7%) of the respondents agreed,4(2.7%) of the respondents disagree,2(24.7%) of the respondents fairly agree,10(6.7%) of the respondents fairly disagreed,38(25.3%) strongly agreed,1(0.7) of the respondents strongly agreed.

the table shows that most of the respondents agreed and strongly agreed that complaints and comments are well treated through the website. Table 4:2:18 The website helps to allow both local and international accessibility. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 54 36.0 36.0 36.0 Disagree 7 4.7 4.7 40.7 Fairly Agreed 34 22.7 22.7 63.3 Fairly Disagree 16 10.7 10.7 74.0 Strongly Agreed 39 26.0 26.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:18 classifies the opinion of the respondents on The website helps to allow both local and international accessibility. It shows 54(36.0%) of the respondents agreed,7(4.7%) of the respondents disagree,34(22.7%) of the respondents fairly agree,16(10.7%) of the respondents fairly disagreed,39(26%) strongly agreed. This implies that majority of the respondents agreed and strongly agreed with this statements. Table 4:2:19 Website Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 112 74.7 74.7 74.7 Fairly Agreed 28 18.7 18.7 93.3 Fairly Disagreed 1 .7 .7 94.0 Strongly Agreed 9 6.0 6.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:19 classifies the opinion of the respondents on website.

It shows 112(74.7%) of the respondents agreed,28(18.7%) of the respondents disagree,1(0.7%) of the respondents fairly disagree,9(6.0%) of the respondents strongly agree Table 4:2:20 there have been significant Over the years changes and improvement in the company’s product Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 53 35.3 35.3 35.3 Disagree 6 4.0 4.0 39.3 Fairly Agreed 26 17.3 17.3 56.7 Fairly Disagree 11 7.3 7.3 64.0 Strongly Agreed 54 36.0 36.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:20 classifies the opinion of the respondents on there have been significant Over the years changes and improvement in the company’s product. . It shows 53(35.3%) of the respondents agree 6(4.0%) disagreed,26(17.3%)of the fairly agreed,11(7.3%) of the respondents fairly disagree,54(36%) of the respondents strongly agreed .this implies that most the respondents. Agreed and strongly agreed that on there have been significant Over the years changes and improvement in the company’s product.

Table 4:2:21 The organization introduces new product with new taste and quality which satisfy the customers need. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 59 39.3 39.3 39.3 Disagree 5 3.3 3.3 42.7 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 43.3 Fairly Agreed 28 18.7 18.7 62.0 Fairly Disagree 6 4.0 4.0 66.0 Strongly Agreed 51 34.0 34.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:21classifies the opinion of the respondents on The organization introduces new product with new taste and quality which satisfy the customers need. . It shows 59(39.3%) of the respondents agreed,5(3.3%) of the respondents disagree,1(0.7%) of the respondents strongly disagree,28(18.7%) of the respondents fairly agreed,6(4.0%) fairly disagreed, 51(34.0%) of the respondents strongly agreed. This implies that majority of the respondents agreed and strongly agrees with this statements Table 4:2:22The recent changes in packaging of product makes it more attractive to customers. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 48 32.0 32.0 32.0 Disagree 4 2.7 2.7 34.7 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 35.3 Fairly Agreed 33 22.0 22.0 57.3 Fairly Disagree 17 11.3 11.3 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:22 Classifies the opinion of the respondents on The recent changes in packaging of product makes it more attractive to customers.

It shows 48(32.0%) of the respondents agreed,4(2.7%) of the respondents disagree,1(0.7%) of the respondents strongly disagree,33(22%) of the respondents fairly agreed,17(11.3%) fairly agreed.47(31.3%) of the respondents strongly agreed. This implies that majority of the respondents agreed with this statement. Table 4:2:23 Changes in product increases sales and build brand loyalty Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 49 32.7 32.7 32.7 Disagree 6 4.0 4.0 36.7 Strongly Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 38.7 Fairly Agreed 37 24.7 24.7 63.3 Fairly Disagree 11 7.3 7.3 70.7 Strongly Agreed 44 29.3 29.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table4:2:23 classifies the opinion of the respondents on Changes in product increases sales and build brand loyalty. It shows 49(32.7%) of the respondents agreed 6(4.0%) of the respondents disagree,3(2;0%) of the respondents strongly disagree, 37(24.7%) of the respondents fairly agreed,11(7.3%) fairly disagree, 44(29.3%) of the respondents strongly agreed.

Table 4:2:24 The quality and packaging of goods meets both local and international standard. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 52 34.7 34.7 34.7 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 36.7 Strongly Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 38.0 Fairly Agreed 30 20.0 20.0 58.0 Fairly Disagree 10 6.7 6.7 64.7 Strongly Agreed 53 35.3 35.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:24 classifies the opinion of the respondents on The quality and packaging of goods meets both local and international standard. It shows 52(34.7%) of the respondents agreed,3(2.0%) of the respondents disagree,2(1.3%) of the respondents strongly disagree,30(20%) of the respondents fairly agreed,10(6.7%) fairly disagreed. This implies that most of the respondents agreed and strongly agreed with the statements. Table 4:2:25 Product Improvement Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 2.0 Agreed 108 72.0 72.0 74.0 Fairly Agreed 28 18.7 18.7 92.7 Fairly Disagreed 2 1.3 1.3 94.0 Strongly Agreed 9 6.0 6.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table4:2:25 classifies the opinion of the respondents on product improvement.

It shows 108(72.0%) of the respondents agreed, 28(18.7%) of the respondents disagree,2(1.3%) of the respondents fairly disagree,3(2.0%) of the respondents fairly disagreed,9(6.0%) strongly agreed. 4.3 Testing of Hypothesis and discussion of findings HYPOTHESIS 1: There is no significant relationship between mobile internet and business growth Crosstabs 4.3.1 Case Processing Summary Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Mobile Internet * Business growth 150 100.0% 0 0.0% 150 100.0% 4.3.2 Mobile Internet * Business growth Cross tabulation Business growth Total Agreed Fairly Agreed Strongly Agreed Mobile Internet Count 0 2 0 0 2 Expected Count .0 1.3 .5 .2 2.0 Agreed Count 1 69 20 12 102 Expected Count 1.4 65.3 25.2 10.2 102.0 Fairly Agreed Count 0 19 15 0 34 Expected Count .5 21.8 8.4 3.4 34.0 Fairly Disagreed Count 0 0 1 0 1 Expected Count .0 .6 .2 .1 1.0 Strongly Agreed Count 1 6 1 3 11 Expected Count .1 7.0 2.7 1.1 11.0 Total Count 2 96 37 15 150 Expected Count 2.0 96.0 37.0 15.0 150.0 4.3.3 Chi-Square Tests Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 24.763a 12 .016 Likelihood Ratio 24.570 12 .017 N of Valid Cases 150 14 cells (70.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .01.

Interpretation From table 4.3.3 above the Pearson Chi-square X2 value is 24.763 and the p-value is 0.016. The likelihood Chi-square statistics is 24.570 and its p-value is 0.017. Therefore at significant level 0.05 (5%), the relationship between the use of the internet and business growth is statistically significance. Since X2cal;X2Tab we reject the null hypothesis and accept alternative hypothesis. This implies that there is a significance relationship between the use of internet and business growth.

4:3:4 Symmetric Measures Value Approx. Sig. Nominal by Nominal Contingency Coefficient .376 .016 N of Valid Cases 150 a. Not assuming the null hypothesis. b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

4:4 HYPOTHESIS 2 Table 4:4:1 Crosstabs Case Processing Summary Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Website * Product Improvement 150 100.0% 0 0.0% o150 100.0% Table 4:4:2 Website * Product Improvement Cross tabulation Product Improvement Total Agreed Fairly Agreed Fairly Disagreed Strongly Agreed Website Agreed Count 2 86 17 2 5 112 Expected Count 2.2 80.6 20.9 1.5 6.7 112.0 Fairly Agreed Count 0 15 9 0 4 28 Expected Count .6 20.2 5.2 .4 1.7 28.0 Fairly Disagreed Count 1 0 0 0 0 1 Expected Count .0 .7 .2 .0 .1 1.0 Strongly Agreed Count 0 7 2 0 0 9 Expected Count .2 6.5 1.7 .1 .5 9.0 Total Count 3 108 28 2 9 150 Expected Count 3.0 108.0 28.0 2.0 9.0 150.0 Table 4:4:3 Chi-Square Tests Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 59.849a 12 .000 Likelihood Ratio 19.249 12 .083 N of Valid Cases 150 a.14 cells (70.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .01. Interpretation From table 4.4.3 above the Pearson Chi-square X2 value is 59.849 and the p-value is 0.000. The likelihood Chi-square statistics is 19.249 and its p-value is 0.083.

Therefore at significant level 0.05 (5%), the relationship between the use of website and product accessibility is statistically significance. Since X2cal;X2Tab we reject the null hypothesis and accept alternative hypothesis. This implies that there is a significance relationship between the the use of website and product accessibility. Table 4:4:4 Symmetric Measures Value Approx. Sig. Nominal by Nominal Contingency Coefficient .534 .000 N of Valid Cases 150 a.

Not assuming the null hypothesis. b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis. 4:5 HYPOTHESIS 3 4:5:1 Crosstabs Case Processing Summary Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Automated Information Systems facilitated high productivity * Management effectiveness 150 100.0% 0 0.0% 150 100.0% Management effectiveness Total Agreed Fairly Agreed Strongly Agreed Automated Information Systems facilitated high productivity Count 2 0 0 2 Expected Count 1.3 .4 .3 2.0 Agreed Count 22 10 9 41 Expected Count 25.7 8.5 6.8 41.0 Disagree Count 5 0 0 5 Expected Count 3.1 1.0 .8 5.0 Strongly Disagree Count 1 1 0 2 Expected Count 1.3 .4 .3 2.0 Fairly Agreed Count 29 5 4 38 Expected Count 23.8 7.9 6.3 38.0 Fairly Disagree Count 9 3 0 12 Expected Count 7.5 2.5 2.0 12.0 Strongly Agreed Count 26 12 12 50 Expected Count 31.3 10.3 8.3 50.0 Total Count 94 31 25 150 Expected Count 94.0 31.0 25.0 150.0 Table 4:5:3 Chi-Square Tests Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 15.097a 12 .236 Likelihood Ratio 19.552 12 .076 N of Valid Cases 150 L 11 cells (52.4%) have expected count less than 5.

The minimum expected count is .33. Interpretation From table 4.5.3 above the Pearson Chi-square X2 value is 15.097 and the p-value is 0.236. The likelihood Chi-square statistics is 19.552 and its p-value is 0.76. Therefore more than significant level 0.05 (5%), the relationship between automated information system and management effectiveness is not statistically significance.

Since X2cal;X2Tab we accept the null hypothesis and reject alternative hypothesis. This implies that there is significance no significant relationship between automated information system and management effectiveness. Table 4:5:4Symmetric Measures Value Approx. Sig.

Nominal by Nominal Contingency Coefficient .302 .236 N of Valid Cases 150 a. Not assuming the null hypothesis. b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis. CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5.0 Introduction Chapter five gives an overview of the entire research work as it starts with the summary of the research work from chapter one to chapter four. It explains the research findings from the data gathered from observation and field survey as well as the implications of the findings.

It further emphasizes on the supporting theories and previous findings of other researchers related to the study on emerging technology as a tool for development of entrepreneurship, cross tabulation and chi-square approach. The purpose of the study was to investigate if emerging technologies result in entrepreneurship developments satisfaction and organizational performance, a crosstab and chi-square approach, a case study of Yale Foods limited, Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria. In the study, three (3) hypotheses were put forward and tested using crosstab and chi-square analysis. 5.1 Summary of Research Work This study began with the background to the whole study and was explained based on the past knowledge of what is in the literature. The reason for this research which is the research problem was carefully stated. Four (3) problems were properly identified in the area of emerging technology and entrepreneurship developments.

The research drew the objective of the study from the three (3) stated problems. This include; to analyze the effect of internet on business growth , to determine the efficacy of website on product improvement, and to access the relationship between automated information system and management effectiveness. The specific variables that were used in the study include; management effectiveness, product accessibility, business growth, internet, website and automated information system. All these variables were properly explained with adequate citations in the literature review. Literatures on entrepreneurship developments and technology were reviewed as they relate to the research topic.

Also important theories of entrepreneurship such as cultural theory, economic theory and sociological theory were reviewed. It also revealed major contributions and findings of previous scholar and researchers in this field (empirical findings) and lastly the gap to be filled were highlighted. The research instrument for the study was questionnaire while the research design was survey research design so as to achieve the objectives of the study. SPSS 20.0 were used to test the research hypotheses and describe the demographic characteristics of respondents. Crosstab was used to confirm if any there are any missing values, while chi-square was used for analysis.

5.2Summary of Findings The findings are divided into two parts which are the theoretical and the empirical findings. The theoretical findings deal with the best theoretical underpinning that goes with the result of the research findings while the empirical findings compare and contrast past findings with this research findings. Theoretical Findings The use of emerging technology involves staying on top of current technologies which means anticipating for future ones, the emergence of new technological tools or process disrupt the existing ones through more efficient and effective process. Peter F.

Drucker explained that the entrepreneurs are one that are constantly looking for new avenues to change and utilize this change as an opportunity. Drucker’s theory is based on two important factors which are innovation and resources; innovation depends on resources and resources gain importance only when perceived to possess economic value. Innovating new ideas as well as new products or any elements related to his business help him to increase his productivity. Similarly, resources like capital are important to incorporate new innovations. (Simpeh, 2011). The theory explains that there is a complex relationship between the innovation, resources and the behavior of the entrepreneurs.

Peter F. Drucker had derived three main points which help to explain the role of the entrepreneurs: 1. Entrepreneurs increase the value and satisfaction of the customer through the efficient utilization of the resources. 2. Entrepreneurs are responsible for the creation of new values. 3.

Entrepreneurs must combine the existing materials and the resources (Scholte et al., 2015) Empirical findings As stated earlier, the discussion of this study followed the hypotheses raised and tested and are presented as follows The first hypothesis which stated that there is no significant relationship between the use of internet and business growth was rejected at the Pearson Chi-square X2 value is 24.763 and the p-value is 0.016 ,this show that the relationship between the use of the internet and business growth is statistically significance .this implies that there is significant relationship between internet and business growth ,i.e. internet has positive effects on business growth, this is in the with (Boyd,Walker&Larreche,1995) that affirms that technology drives the development of many new products and markets. Arduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRlso Yeh, Jung-Ting Chang(2007), opines that the costs and effort involved with the subsequent implementation of technology are key factors that influence the success of small business. Hypothesis2 The second hypothesis which stated that there is no significant relationship between the use of website and product accessibility” was rejected at Pearson Chi-square X2 value is 59.849 and the p-value is 0.000.This implies that there is a significant relationship between website and product accessibility that is website has positive effect on products accessibility.

Hypothesis3 The third hypothesis which stated that there is no significant relationship between automated information system and management effectiveness” was accepted at the Pearson Chi-square X2 value is 15.097 and the p-value is 0.236. This reveals that there is no significant relationship between automated information system and management effectiveness that is automated information system has a negative effect on management effectiveness. 5.3 Conclusion The aim of this empirical study is to investigate the relationship between emerging technology and entrepreneurship developments. The study arduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRrduino Due 84MHz AT91SAM3X8E 96KB SRAM, 512KB flash 54 12 input, 2 output Arduino Mega 16MHz ATmega2560 8KB SRAM, 256KB flash 54 16 input, 0 output Arduino Leonardo 16MHz ATmega32u4 2.5KB SRpplies a crosstab analysis and chi-square approach and establishes empirical support for some conjectures made in the literatures. Affirming that emerging technology is a vital tool for entrepreneurship development, it becomes expedient to examine how large firms like Yale Foods limited moves through the phases of growth through adoption of newly emerging technology which facilitate entrepreneurship development.

This research work shows that small and medium enterprise could develop by keeping abreast of newly emerging technology. 5.4 Contribution to Knowledge This study contributed to the body of knowledge of entrepreneurship, This study particularly expands the body of knowledge in the area of application of technology in entrepreneurship. The study evaluated the relationship between emerging technology and entrepreneurship development and this will serve as blue print to SMEs on the need to adopt new technology to achieve business growth. The results obtained from this study can also be adopted by small and medium scale enterprises that are not in the study area and other organizations that find the work relevant.

5.5Recommendations To attain entrepreneurship development in by a nation like Nigeria: i. there is a need to encourage the adoption of newly emerging technology by SMEs. Ii .there is a need to ensure for internet connectivity to achieve business goals and objectives. The business environment is a battle front full of competition, new processes, tools and information are therefore crucial to the success and development of entrepreneurship.

the internet is revolutinalizing the way business is been conducted, therefore there is a need to see it as an important tool to achieve business growth. 5.6 Suggestions for Further Studies Future research may adopt a more robust perspective by conducting empirical studies into emerging technology in Nigeria by using more companies, unlike this study which was focused on a particular company this will help in increasing the extent of generalization of the whole research work. This research does not consider the cost benefit analysis of adoption of new emerging technology There is also a need for further study since there is always a change in technology within a given period of time. There is need to carry out this research internationally where new, advance, emerging technologies e.g robot. Limitation of the study All researches are faced with one limitation or the other, in which this research is not an exception.

The study used a structured questionnaire which limited the respondents to say more about their feeling with regards to the constraints that affect. There are more advanced technological tools e.g robots in developed countries. the non availability of these technological tools is a limitation to this study. Hence there is need to carry out this research internationally. REFERENCES Achtenhagen, L. (2011). Internationalization competence of SMEs. Retrieved from: http://eng.entreprenorskapsforum.se/wpcontent/uploads/2012/01/internationelization comp_webb.pdf (Accessed 17/09/2017). Alvarez, S.A.and Busenitz, L.W., (2007).The entrepreneurship of resource-based theory. In Baba G.K. (2013), The Challenges of Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria and Way Forward, J. of Business and Organizational Development, Vol.5, No.1, Pp. 54 – 64. Belotti, C. and Tunälv, C. 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The findings will definitely be of immense help to the entrepreneurs. Please kindly provide the appropriate response by ticking the right box to the best of your knowledge of those questions. I plead for your co-operation and be rest assured that the information obtained from this exercise is purely for academics purpose and will be hold strictly with confidence. Thanks Yours faithfully, _________________ Mustapha Toyyib A. Researcher. SECTION A: Personal Data 1.Sex: Male ( ) Female ( ) 2.Marital Status: Married ( ) Single ( ) Divorce ( ) Others ( ) 3.Age Group: 20-29 ( ) 30-39 ( ) 40-49 ( ) 4.Educational Qualification: SSCE ( ) OND/Diploma ( ) HND/BSc. ( ) Others ( ) 5.Work Experience: 1-5years ( ) 6-10years ( ) 11-15 ( ) Over 15years ( ) SECTION B Please tick as; SA-Strongly Agree, A-Agree, FA-Fairly Agree, FD-Fairly Disagree, D-Disagree, SD-Strongly Disagree. S/N Mobile Internet and Business growth SA A FA FD D SD B6 Mobile internet keeps customers informed on new products and existing products. B7 Mobile internet encourages business activities within the business internal environment. B8 Most employees have internet accessibility within the organizations B9 Information are passed to customers through mobile internet B10 Customers use internet connectivity to access this business organization. B11 There has been high increase in business output over the years. B12 The organization produces many but related products B13 There is significant increase in the number of employees B14 The organization uses new and improved technological machines in production of goods B15 Customers satisfaction is a major determinant of repeat purchase decision. SECTION C S/N Website and product improvement SA A FA FD D SD C16 The organization has a functional website C17 The organization updates the information on the website efficiently C18 New products and existing ones are presented to the world through website C19 Complaints and comments of customers are well treated through the website. C20 The website helps to allow both local and international accessibility. C21 Over the years there have been significant changes and improvement in the company’s product C22 The organization introduces new product with new taste and quality which satisfy the customers need. C23 The recent changes in packaging of product makes it more attractive to customers. C24 Changes in product increases sales and build brand loyalty C25 The quality and packaging of goods meets both local and international standard. SECTION D S/N Automated Information System and Management effectiveness SA A FA FD D SD D26. The organization is equipped with computer systems that are locally connected. D27. Information are passed within the organization via Local Area Network (LAN) D28 All sales records and business records are well presented on system and other gadgets in the organization D29 Management passes information and receives reports through automated information system. D30. Automated Information Systems facilitated high productivity D31. Inputs are made available for production of goods adequately without delay in production. D32 Managers monitor every stages of production to achieve high quality products. D33 Employees are motivated to ensure high performance of duties in the organization. D34 The organizations business policies and strategies are made towards the achievement of business goals and objective. D35 Managers ensure feedback from subordinates and attend to every request and information promptly. APPENDIX II Table 4.2: Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents by their demographic characteristics. N = 140 Demographic characteristicsFrequencyPercentage% Cumulative________ Sex Male 5637.3 37.3 Female 9462.7100.0 Age 30 – 39years11174.0 74.0 40– 49years 3926.0100.0 Work Experience 1 -5years 51 34.0 34.0 6 – 10years 5033.3 90.7 11-15 35 23.3 57.0 Over 15years 1493.3100.0 Marital Status Divorce 24 16.0 16.0 Married 69 46.0 62.0 Others 6 4.0 66.0 Single 51 34.0 100.0 Educational Qualification SSCE 43 28.7 28.7 OND/DIPLOMA 37 24.7 69.7 HND/BSC57 36.0 89.0 Over/15years16 10.7 100.0 Source: Field Survey, 2017 Table 4:2:2 Mobile internet keeps customers informed on new products and existing products Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid 2 1.3 1.3 1.3 Agreed 110 73.3 73.3 74.7 Fairly Agreed 28 18.7 18.7 93.3 Strongly Agreed Fairly Disagree 10 6.7 6.7 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Frequency Table Table 4:2:3 Mobile internet keeps customers informed on new products and existing products Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 55 36.7 36.7 36.7 Disagree 5 3.3 3.3 40.0 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 40.7 Fairly Agreed 22 14.7 14.7 55.3 Fairly Disagree 17 11.3 11.3 66.7 Strongly Agreed 50 33.3 33.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:4 Mobile internets encourages business activities within the business internal environment Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 53 35.3 35.3 35.3 Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 36.7 Fairly Agreed 29 19.3 19.3 56.0 Fairly Disagree 13 8.7 8.7 64.7 Strongly Agreed 53 35.3 35.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 . Table 4:2:6 6 Most employees have internet accessibility within the organizations Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 37.3 Disagree 1 .7 .7 38.0 Fairly Agreed 31 20.7 20.7 58.7 Fairly Disagree 15 10.0 10.0 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 4:2:7 7 Information are passed to customers through mobile internet Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 61 40.7 40.7 41.3 Disagree 4 2.7 2.7 44.0 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 44.7 Fairly Agreed 27 18.0 18.0 62.7 Fairly Disagree 9 6.0 6.0 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:8 Customers use internet connectivity to access this business organization. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 58 38.7 38.7 38.7 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 40.7 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 41.3 Fairly Agreed 24 16.0 16.0 57.3 Fairly Disagree 17 11.3 11.3 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:9 There has been high increase in business output over the years Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 43 28.7 28.7 28.7 Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 30.0 Strongly Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 31.3 Fairly Agreed 41 27.3 27.3 58.7 Fairly Disagree 8 5.3 5.3 64.0 Strongly Agreed 54 36.0 36.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table4:2:10 The organization produces many but related products Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 37.3 Disagree 7 4.7 4.7 42.0 Fairly Agreed 27 18.0 18.0 60.0 Fairly Disagree 13 8.7 8.7 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:11 There is significant increase in the number of employees Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 37.3 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 39.3 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 40.0 Fairly Agreed 29 19.3 19.3 59.3 Fairly Disagree 13 8.7 8.7 68.0 Strongly Agreed 48 32.0 32.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table4:2:12 The organization uses new and improved technological machines in production of goods Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 48 32.0 32.0 32.0 Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 33.3 Fairly Agreed 39 26.0 26.0 59.3 Fairly Disagree 13 8.7 8.7 68.0 Strongly Agreed 48 32.0 32.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table4:2:13Customers satisfaction is a major determinant of repeat purchase decision. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 57 38.0 38.0 38.7 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 40.7 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 41.3 Fairly Agreed 40 26.7 26.7 68.0 Fairly Disagree 10 6.7 6.7 74.7 Strongly Agreed 38 25.3 25.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 201 Table 4:2:14 24 The quality and packaging of goods meets both local and international standard Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 49 32.7 32.7 32.7 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 34.7 Strongly Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 36.0 Fairly Agreed 32 21.3 21.3 57.3 Fairly Disagree 8 5.3 5.3 62.7 Strongly Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:15 The organization updates the information on the website efficiently Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid 1 .7 .7 .7 Agreed 56 37.3 37.3 38.0 Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 39.3 Fairly Agreed 37 24.7 24.7 64.0 Fairly Disagree 9 6.0 6.0 70.0 Strongly Agreed 45 30.0 30.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 . 4:2:16 New products and existing ones are presented to the world through website Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 63 42.0 42.0 42.0 Disagree 6 4.0 4.0 46.0 Fairly Agreed 18 12.0 12.0 58.0 Fairly Disagree 11 7.3 7.3 65.3 Strongly Agreed 52 34.7 34.7 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:17 Complaints and comments of customers are well treated through the website. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 58 38.7 38.7 38.7 Disagree 4 2.7 2.7 41.3 Strongly Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 42.7 Fairly Agreed 37 24.7 24.7 67.3 Fairly Disagree 10 6.7 6.7 74.0 Strongly Agreed 38 25.3 25.3 99.3 Strongly Agreed` 1 .7 .7 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:18 The website helps to allow both local and international accessibility. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 54 36.0 36.0 36.0 Disagree 7 4.7 4.7 40.7 Fairly Agreed 34 22.7 22.7 63.3 Fairly Disagree 16 10.7 10.7 74.0 Strongly Agreed 39 26.0 26.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017. Table 4:2:19 Website Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 112 74.7 74.7 74.7 Fairly Agreed 28 18.7 18.7 93.3 Fairly Disagreed 1 .7 .7 94.0 Strongly Agreed 9 6.0 6.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:20 there have been significant Over the years changes and improvement in the company’s product Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 53 35.3 35.3 35.3 Disagree 6 4.0 4.0 39.3 Fairly Agreed 26 17.3 17.3 56.7 Fairly Disagree 11 7.3 7.3 64.0 Strongly Agreed 54 36.0 36.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 . Table 4:2:21 The organization introduces new product with new taste and quality which satisfy the customers need. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 59 39.3 39.3 39.3 Disagree 5 3.3 3.3 42.7 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 43.3 Fairly Agreed 28 18.7 18.7 62.0 Fairly Disagree 6 4.0 4.0 66.0 Strongly Agreed 51 34.0 34.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:22The recent changes in packaging of product makes it more attractive to customers. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 48 32.0 32.0 32.0 Disagree 4 2.7 2.7 34.7 Strongly Disagree 1 .7 .7 35.3 Fairly Agreed 33 22.0 22.0 57.3 Fairly Disagree 17 11.3 11.3 68.7 Strongly Agreed 47 31.3 31.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table 4:2:23 Changes in product increases sales and build brand loyalty Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 49 32.7 32.7 32.7 Disagree 6 4.0 4.0 36.7 Strongly Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 38.7 Fairly Agreed 37 24.7 24.7 63.3 Fairly Disagree 11 7.3 7.3 70.7 Strongly Agreed 44 29.3 29.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 20 Table 4:2:24 Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Agreed 52 34.7 34.7 34.7 Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 36.7 Strongly Disagree 2 1.3 1.3 38.0 Fairly Agreed 30 20.0 20.0 58.0 Fairly Disagree 10 6.7 6.7 64.7 Strongly Agreed 53 35.3 35.3 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 Table:4:2:25 Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 3 2.0 2.0 2.0 Agreed 108 72.0 72.0 74.0 Fairly Agreed 28 18.7 18.7 92.7 Fairly Disagreed 2 1.3 1.3 94.0 Strongly Agreed 9 6.0 6.0 100.0 Total 150 100.0 100.0 Source: Field survey, 2017 4.3 Testing of Hypothesis and discussion of findings HYPOTHESIS 1: There is no significant relationship between mobile internet and business growth Crosstabs 4.3.1 Case Processing Summary Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Mobile Internet * Business growth 150 100.0% 0 0.0% 150 100.0% 4.3.2 Mobile Internet * Business growth Cross tabulation Business growth Total Agreed Fairly Agreed Strongly Agreed Mobile Internet Count 0 2 0 0 2 Expected Count .0 1.3 .5 .2 2.0 Agreed Count 1 69 20 12 102 Expected Count 1.4 65.3 25.2 10.2 102.0 Fairly Agreed Count 0 19 15 0 34 Expected Count .5 21.8 8.4 3.4 34.0 Fairly Disagreed Count 0 0 1 0 1 Expected Count .0 .6 .2 .1 1.0 Strongly Agreed Count 1 6 1 3 11 Expected Count .1 7.0 2.7 1.1 11.0 Total Count 2 96 37 15 150 Expected Count 2.0 96.0 37.0 15.0 150.0 4.3.3 Chi-Square Tests Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 24.763a 12 .016 Likelihood Ratio 24.570 12 .017 N of Valid Cases 150 14 cells (70.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .01. 4:3:4 Symmetric Measures Value Approx. Sig. Nominal by Nominal Contingency Coefficient .376 .016 N of Valid Cases 150 a. Not assuming the null hypothesis. b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis. 4:4 HYPOTHESIS 2 Table 4:4:1 Crosstabs Case Processing Summary Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Website * Product Improvement 150 100.0% 0 0.0% o150 100.0% Table 4:4:2 Website * Product Improvement Cross tabulation Product Improvement Total Agreed Fairly Agreed Fairly Disagreed Strongly Agreed Website Agreed Count 2 86 17 2 5 112 Expected Count 2.2 80.6 20.9 1.5 6.7 112.0 Fairly Agreed Count 0 15 9 0 4 28 Expected Count .6 20.2 5.2 .4 1.7 28.0 Fairly Disagreed Count 1 0 0 0 0 1 Expected Count .0 .7 .2 .0 .1 1.0 Strongly Agreed Count 0 7 2 0 0 9 Expected Count .2 6.5 1.7 .1 .5 9.0 Total Count 3 108 28 2 9 150 Expected Count 3.0 108.0 28.0 2.0 9.0 150.0 Table 4:4:3 Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 59.849a 12 .000 Likelihood Ratio 19.249 12 .083 N of Valid Cases 150 a.14 cells (70.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .01. Table 4:4:4 Symmetric Measures Value Approx. Sig. Nominal by Nominal Contingency Coefficient .534 .000 N of Valid Cases 150 a. Not assuming the null hypothesis. b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis. 4:5 HYPOTHESIS 3 4:5:1 Crosstabs Case Processing Summary Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Automated Information Systems facilitated high productivity * Management effectiveness 150 100.0% 0 0.0% 150 100.0% 1 Management effectiveness Total Agreed Fairly Agreed Strongly Agreed Automated Information Systems facilitated high productivity Count 2 0 0 2 Expected Count 1.3 .4 .3 2.0 Agreed Count 22 10 9 41 Expected Count 25.7 8.5 6.8 41.0 Disagree Count 5 0 0 5 Expected Count 3.1 1.0 .8 5.0 Strongly Disagree Count 1 1 0 2 Expected Count 1.3 .4 .3 2.0 Fairly Agreed Count 29 5 4 38 Expected Count 23.8 7.9 6.3 38.0 Fairly Disagree Count 9 3 0 12 Expected Count 7.5 2.5 2.0 12.0 Strongly Agreed Count 26 12 12 50 Expected Count 31.3 10.3 8.3 50.0 Total Count 94 31 25 150 Expected Count 94.0 31.0 25.0 150.0 Table 4:5:3 Chi-Square Tests Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 15.097a 12 .236 Likelihood Ratio 19.552 12 .076 N of Valid Cases 150 11 cells (52.4%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .33. . Table 4:5:4Symmetric Measures Value Approx. Sig. Nominal by Nominal Contingency Coefficient .302 .236 N of Valid Cases 150