Diabetes mellitus has become a public health concern all over the world, diabetes can a serious consequences health particularly due to cardiovascular disease (Department of Health, 2010).
It was argued that the long-term of diabetes can cause death and disability besides life expectancy are reduced on an average of 10-20 years in people with diabetes. The fact of the matter is diabetes caused macrovascular and microvascular complications. Globally, Patel et al.(2017) state that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has been estimated to be around 415 million and this is projected to increase to 642 million of people by 2040. Subhash K.et al. (2013) proved that more than 60% of the world population with diabetes comes from Asian in which China and India have the largest cases of diabetes. In addition, the prevalence of diabetes in Indian is 61.3 million and is expected to increase 101.2 million by 2030. In the United Kingdom (UK) according (Scobie and Katherine 2009) stated that the population of people living with diabetes are more than 3% however, according to screening studies conducted showed that the growing concern is that about up to millions of people living with diabetes were undiagnosed, which means at present the number of undiagnosed people living with diabetes in the UK is estimated to be over 4 million people (Tim et al.
2010) of which 11.2% are from South Asian. South Asian Health Foundation (SAHF, 2010) confirmed that there are 431,000 of South Asian people diagnosed or undiagnosed in the UK. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition represented by insulin resistance, that is to say, an inability of the body to effectively make use of insulin and insufficient pancreatic insulin production which result to high blood glucose level hyperglycaemia (NICE, 2015). In long-term diabetes can lead to serious complication such as visual impairment and blindness, kidney failure and some people living with diabetes are five times more likely to have cardiovascular disease and stroke compared to those without diabetes (Diabetes UK, 2012).
According to Diabetes UK, type 2 diabetes is a growing health problem particularly among the South Asian community; it was believed that these groups have a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes 6 times more higher than the white population. In addition, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) confirmed that the Asian community develops diabetes at a younger age which is strongly associated with genetic, diet, traditional food and sedentary lifestyle and a poor management (NICE,2012). For instance, South Asian has an age-standardised mortality rate of CHD 50% which is higher than the total population of England and Wales (Barnett et al, 2006). An analysis conducted by the National Health Interview survey prove that Asian Indians were 130% likely to have diabetes compare to other Asian subgroup population, on the ground that South Asian have less muscle and more abdominal fat which increases insulin resistance and produces a significant abnormal metabolic effect (Asian Diabetes Prevention Initiative).
Furthermore, according to The NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care 2011a the economic cost of treating type 2 diabetes cost NHS about £8.8 billion per year also, the cost of drug prescription to treat type 2 diabetes has risen to £513.9million in year 2005/06 to £723.1million in 2010/11 (NICE, 2012). It was argued that by 2035/06 the cost treating diabetes could rise to £15.1 billion and £20.5 billion. It was argued that continuously education will motivate behaviour change and the perception of the risk involve with type 2 diabetes, as a result, it will help to empower people to stay healthy and prevent costly of diabetes complication; in particular healthcare professional should be aware of cultural influence of the South Asian with well structured education this empower and increase their knowledge and skills to take control of their condition (SAHF, 2010). It was argued that lack of information to control blood level sugar makes the prevalence of diabetes to be at a high among the Asian Self-care improves the quality of life and also may reduce costs Zareban Iranj et al. 2014.
AIMS This study will raise awareness that diabetes has an adverse effect on health. The proposed study will promote and encourage early diagnosis in people with diabetes in order to reduce risk factors and improve treatment and service planning. Objective Explore the effectiveness of self-care education on the impact of the Asian community positive outcome does it help to lower their blood sugar. To ensure consistent information are given to patients at all level for effective diabetes education and management. Look at the barriers in order to improve the diabetes management To empower participants through knowledge to be proactive to self-care management with the intention to achieve healthier lifestyle behaviour.EDUCATIONAL GOALS This research will help to • To be more confident to carry out research and develop the online questionnaire.
• Develops and strengthen transferrable skills. • Link theory to practice that is insight of how research is been done. • Increase my knowledge of Public Health work in order to promote health and social needs. RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS The participant will be from the south Asian group, the participant’s age will be 20 years and above the participants will represent both sexes. PARTICIPANT DESCRIPTION OUTLYING MAIN INCLUSION/EXCLUSION CRITERIA This study research will include the diabetes UK, the health practitioners for examples Nurse, dieticians and General Practitioners (GPs), local commissioning groups, health care assistant, parents, Families and friends, the participants aged 20-40 years with type 2 diabetes. The active community, for instance, zumba clubs and leisure centre will help people get more active involve in sports or gardening.
EXCLUSION Participant who do not describe the study design HOW PARTICIPANT WILL BE IDENTIFIED The study recruited participants by organising a health event with a focus on diabetes in forest gate library Stratford. All participants that attended the health event day were all invited by means of flyers, posters distributions. The nurses, who will discuss the research project with potential participants, will have a conduct sheet along with information about the research. The patient/family will not sign the consent form whilst the nurses there Also, participants and their families attended the event were characterised with limited access to resources and lack of information on self-care management to lower blood sugar level.
METHODOLOGY 250 WORDS This research will use questionnaires which will be attached to this project, is a close response questionnaire in English that consists of 10 questions. The questionnaire was designed to be completed by the participants with type 2 diabetes or with the help of the researcher as a structured interview. Interviews will be recorded by tape recorder a thirty minutes, four focus groups interview will be conducted with about 8 participants, this method was chosen to access the number of individual with type 2 diabetes within a short timeframe moreover, the vital point with this method is the social interaction between groups member who shares the same experiences Mary Carolan et al. (2014). A face-to-face interview is appropriate for a small group of data collection with the help of dieticians who will provide more information about the self-care education to lower blood sugar level and intervention on behaviour change counselling to promote healthy lifestyle behaviour within the South Asian group.
According to Creswell (2009), this data collection will allow the participants be free to give opinions and views on questions asked. Participants aim to have different types of educational session each will last for 20 -30 minutes, for examples community health educator will showcase a healthy eating classes by an increase in whole grains and non-starchy vegetables reduce sodium and saturated fat intakes. Participants were encouraged to increase their intake in fruits, fibre and take more water. The Zumba club also showcases some simple physical activity which participants can do at home for 10-15 minutes.
